Saphenous vein graft bypass
The most commonly used graft was the saphenous vein (particularly the great saphenous vein) and is still in use. However, due to the success story of the left internal mammary artery LIMA, total arterial revascularization has gained much importance for coronary bypass graft surgery.
Nguyen VN, Rennert RC, Sternbach S, Sizdahkhani S, Chung LK, Khahera AS, Hopkins BS, Abedi A, Atai N, Russin JJ. External Carotid Artery-Saphenous Vein Graft-M2/M2 Triple-Vessel Anastomosis and Trapping of Complex Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysm: 360° Virtual Reality-Enhanced Operative Video. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2023 Sep 4. doi: 10.1227/ons.0000000000000857. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37669103. This description suggests a complex neurosurgical procedure involving the use of a saphenous vein graft to create an anastomosis between segments of the middle cerebral artery (M2/M2) while also isolating or occluding a complex middle cerebral artery aneurysm. Such procedures are typically performed by neurosurgeons and vascular surgeons in specialized medical centers equipped for complex neurovascular surgeries. The goal is to treat the aneurysm and restore proper blood flow in the affected arteries to prevent further complications like hemorrhage or stroke.
Cerebral revascularization dates back to 1953 when Conley performed the first reported saphenous vein graft (SVG) bypass of the cervical internal carotid artery (ICA) for a tumor of the neck 1). In 1971, Lougheed and colleagues performed the first long-segment saphenous vein graft (SVG) bypass from the common carotid to the intracranial ICA 2).