Intracranial teratoma diagnosis

• Primary intracranial immature teratoma in an adult woman: case report and literature review
• Mature hyperdense teratomas in the posterior fossa
• Intracranial fetal teratoma: Case report and literature review
• Mature Teratoma of the Cerebellum with Formed Extracranial Component
• Multidisciplinary Management of an Anterior Skull Base Teratoma in a Neonate
• Intracranial Off-Midline Mature Teratoma and Pneumosinus Dilatans: A Unique Clinical Report
• Mature teratoma with a germinoma component presenting with undetectable placental alkaline phosphatase in cerebrospinal fluid: illustrative case
• Endoscopic-assisted removal of a nasofrontal dermoid cyst with intracranial extradural extension

The detection of their clinical manifestation, the analysis of imaging features and the serum levels of tumor markers help diagnose intracranial teratomas ¹⁾.

The patients age, biochemical markers, and patohistological analysis are necessary to confirm the diagnosis ²⁾.

Sometimes may be associated with elevated levels of:

Serum Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)

Serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)

Intracranial teratomas are often seen as large lesions at presentation.

Given their extremely variable histological components, imaging also tends to be heterogeneous, with tumors typically demonstrating a mixture of tissue densities and signal intensity. Fat, if present, is helpful in narrowing the differential.

The majority of intracranial teratomas demonstrate at least some fat and some calcification, which is usually solid / “clump-like” ^{3) 4)}

They usually have cystic and solid components, contributing to an irregular outline. Solid components demonstrate variable enhancement ⁵⁾

Intracranial teratoma Magnetic resonance imaging