Internal carotid artery aneurysm

• Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion Associated with Cardiac Sarcoidosis during the Postpartum Period Treated with Thrombectomy: A Case Report
• Recurrence after improvement of cerebral vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: illustrative case
• Flow Diversion for an Extracranial Infectious Internal Carotid Pseudoaneurysm Secondary to Exudative Otitis Media: Illustrative Case
• Comparison of coiling followed by staged-flow diversion and flow diversion-assisted coiling for intracranial very large and giant aneurysms of the internal carotid artery
• A 7-year retrospective single-center study on treatment strategy and clinical outcome of giant intracranial aneurysm
• A Case of thrombosed intracavernous carotid giant aneurysm with ipsilateral carotid thrombosis: Imaging, and management challenges
• Clinical case of unilateral tinnitus and pathology of the main vessels of the neck
• Effectiveness of wedge filter application in reducing lens radiation dose during diagnostic cerebral angiography: a phantom and prospective study

Anterior circulation aneurysm of the internal carotid artery

Internal carotid artery aneurysm classification.

see Subarachnoid hemorrhage clinical features.

Presents with diplopia, retro-orbital pain and unilateral headaches. The symptoms are progressive and the diagnosis should be considered in a patient presenting with these complaints. Underlying hypertension and advanced age are specific risk factors ¹⁾.

Results suggested that addition of local excitation to conventional magnetic resonance angiography was effective to diagnose unruptured aneurysm at the distal internal carotid artery, to clarify the configuration of the prominent lesion or whether the location of the adjacent branch orifice on the parent vessel was symmetric or asymmetric ²⁾.

Internal carotid artery aneurysm treatment.

Minai L, Ogawa Y, Kinoshita M, Ito H, Kume M, Mitsui H, Shimada S, Kawamura T. Case of trigeminal trophic syndrome secondary to endovascular treatment for internal carotid artery aneurysm. J Dermatol. 2022 Feb 24. doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.16336. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35212008.

Tsukada et al. included patients who underwent 3D Phase contrast cine magnetic resonance imaging before and after large internal carotid artery aneurysm treatment. Spatially and temporally averaged volume flow rates and spatially averaged systolic wall shear stress (WSS) in healthy-side internal carotid artery distal to the posterior communicating artery (C1 internal carotid artery segments according to Fisher's classification) were measured before and after parent artery occlusion and flow diverter treatments.

Seventeen patients were included (5 patients in the parent artery occlusion group and 12 in the flow diverter group). At 1-2 months after treatment, median volume flow rate in healthy-side ICA increased from 5.36 ml/sec to 6.28 ml/sec (total increase 117%, p = 0.04) in the parent artery occlusion group and from 4.65 ml/sec to 4.93 ml/sec (total increase 106%, p = 0.02) in the flow diverter group. In the parent artery occlusion group, median WSS in the C1 segment of the healthy-side ICA increased from 3.91 Pa to 5.61 Pa (total increase 143%, p = 0.08); however, no significant increase was observed in the flow diverter group (4.29 Pa to 4.57 Pa [total increase 107%, p = 0.21]).

Postoperatively, volume flow rate and WSS in the C1 segment of the healthy-side ICA significantly increased in the parent artery occlusion group. Therefore, the parent artery occlusion group was more prone to de novo aneurysm than the flow diverter group ³⁾.

A study included 97 patients harboring a total of 99 unruptured aneurysms of the distal internal carotid artery (ICA) who underwent single-stent implantation and more than 1 session of conventional angiography during follow-up (midterm follow-up only, n = 70; midterm and long-term follow-up, n = 29) between January 2009 and April 2014. The luminal narrowing point was measured using a local thickness map (ImageJ plug-in).

Stent-assisted coil embolization caused dynamic luminal narrowing of approximately 82% of the parent artery diameter on average after 8 months, which was reversed to 91% after 25 months. In addition, luminal narrowing greater than 40% was noticed in 2 (7%) of the 29 patients who experienced spontaneous reversion without additional management during follow-up. Most luminal narrowing changes seen were diffuse.

Luminal narrowing after aneurysm stent-assisted coil embolization is a dynamic process and appears to be a spontaneously reversible event. Routine management of luminal narrowing may not cause adverse events that require additional treatment ⁴⁾.