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Extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and intracellular aggregates of tau protein in form of neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) are pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Brain imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker studies highlighted the long preclinical phase of AD in which a cascade of detectable biological abnormalities precede cognitive decline. The recent proliferation of imaging and fluid biomarkers of AD pathophysiology provides an opportunity for the identification of several biological stages in the preclinical phase of Alzheimer's disease ¹⁾.

Positron emission tomography for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis

Alzheimer's disease biomarkers.