In a cross‑sectional alumni survey (1988–2021) Haider et al. from the Aga Khan University Hospital published in the Journal BMC Medical Education to assess long‑term career outcomes (training, academic work, leadership, awards, research, innovation) and gender disparity among 35 graduating cohorts of AKU Medical College alumni. High rates of residency (82 %) and fellowship (56 %) completion; nearly half in academic settings; majority engaged in research (68 %) and leadership (54 %); significant female employment parity but lower female odds of leadership and research involvement. Authors recommend quality improvement, alumni engagement, and female empowerment initiatives 1).
Strengths
* Substantial sample: 1,201 responses (55 % response rate); 862 complete cases — solid for a 35‑year span. * Multivariable regression allows adjusted assessment of gender differences. * Comprehensive outcomes: academic, research, leadership, innovation, awards.
Limitations / Concerns
* Selection bias: Non‑responders likely differ in career trajectory—may overestimate positive outcomes.
* Cross‑sectional, self‑report design: Subject to recall bias; lacks triangulation via objective data (publication/grant records).
* Missing confounders: No detail on socioeconomic background, specialty choice, family responsibilities which influence gender gaps.
* Effect size unclear: Reported odds ratios for female lower leadership/research not included in abstract—critical data missing.
* Generalizability: Data from single institution in Pakistan—limited external validity.
Rating
4.5 / 10
Well‑executed survey with high response, but major biases, missing variables, and limited quantitative detail reduce impact.
Key Takeaway for Practicing Neurosurgeons
AKU produces academically and clinically active graduates with strong leadership roles—but female trainees may miss out on leadership and research. Neurosurgery programs should monitor long‑term career outcomes stratified by gender, address barriers to advancement, and foster mentorship and sponsorship for female neurosurgeons.
Bottom Line
High survey participation suggests engagement, but reliance on self‑reported data and lack of objective verification and effect sizes undermines strength. Insightful findings on gender disparity require more rigorous follow‑up.
'Publication date:‘ 15 July 2025 'Corresponding author email:‘ maham.vaqar@alumni.aku.edu