Research
Research vs Study
Research
Definition: A systematic and original investigation aimed at discovering new knowledge, theories, or understanding.
Purpose: To generate new information or test hypotheses.
Scope: Broad and often involves experimentation, data collection, analysis, and peer review.
Example: Conducting a clinical trial to test a new drug.
Study
Definition: The act of learning or examining a topic, often by reviewing existing material.
Purpose: To acquire knowledge or understand a subject.
Scope: Narrower, focused more on learning rather than creating something new.
Example: Studying neuroanatomy from a textbook.
Comparison Table
| Aspect | Research | Study |
|---|---|---|
| Goal | Discover or create new knowledge | Learn or understand existing knowledge |
| Methods | Original experiments, data collection | Reading, attending classes, reviewing |
| Outcome | Publication, innovation, theory | Personal understanding, exam readiness |
| Audience | Scientific community | Individual or students |
Research Classification
Research can be classified based on purpose, approach, and data type.
1. Based on Purpose
- Basic (Pure) Research:
Aimed at increasing theoretical understanding without immediate practical application.
_Example: Studying brain plasticity mechanisms._
- Applied Research:
Focused on solving specific, practical problems.
_Example: Developing a surgical protocol to reduce post-op infections._
2. Based on Approach
- Quantitative Research:
Uses measurable data, statistical analysis, and numerical methods.
_Example: Comparing patient outcomes with two surgical techniques._
- Qualitative Research:
Explores behaviors, experiences, or concepts through interviews, observations, etc.
_Example: Analyzing patient narratives after awake craniotomy._
- Mixed Methods:
Combines both quantitative and qualitative approaches for a more complete perspective.
3. Based on Data Collection Methods
- Experimental Research:
Involves manipulation of variables to determine cause-effect relationships.
_Example: Randomized controlled trials._
- Descriptive Research:
Observes and describes phenomena without intervention.
_Example: Case reports, cohort studies._
- Correlational Research:
Studies relationships between variables without establishing causation.
_Example: Correlating smoking with aneurysm rupture risk._
- Exploratory Research:
Investigates a problem that is not well defined to gain insights.
_Example: Initial study on rare brain tumors._
Summary Table
| Criterion | Types |
|---|---|
| Purpose | Basic / Applied |
| Approach | Quantitative / Qualitative / Mixed |
| Method | Experimental / Descriptive / Correlational / Exploratory |
see Scientific research.