Dr. Shi Yuquan, one of the pioneers of neurosurgery in China, successfully performed China's first intracranial tumor operation in 1950 under the guidance of Professor James K. Sheng, the President of Zhongshan Hospital and Director of Surgery. In the spring of 1953, the Department of Neurosurgery at Huashan Hospital was formally established. At that time, it had only two doctors, Shi Yuquan and Zhu Zhenqin, and had only eight patient beds. During that period, Professor James K. Sheng (general surgery) and Professor Zhang Yuanchang (neurology) also played important roles in the founding of Department of Neurosurgery. From 1953 to 1956, under the united efforts of Drs. Shi Yuquan, Jiang Dajie, Yang Detai and other senior neurosurgeons, the Huashan Neurosurgery underwent significant progress: 8 beds increased to 20, three doctors were added, and it started to train neurosurgical fellow doctors. After 1958, the Department of Neurosurgery initiated the program for neurosurgical postgraduate students, and expanded to forty beds. It also organized a variety of advanced neurosurgical workshops and seminars and published a series of neurosurgical textbooks and clinical manuals. In the same year, Dr. Zhu Zhenqin moved to Chongching City, and established the Department of Neurosurgery at Chongching Medical College. By the mid 60's, Prof. Shi Yuquan led an effective surgical team at Huashan Department of Neurosurgery, including Drs. Jiang Dajie, Yang Detai, Chen Gongbai, Yin Xiaodong, Zhang Renhe, Tan Zhensheng, Ji Zhixiong, Zhen Anqi, Tao Jiahua, Wang Zhenxiao, Shen Peijia and other doctors.