Wrist Strain
A wrist strain refers to an overstretching or tearing of the muscles or tendons around the wrist joint, usually due to overuse or acute trauma.
Etiology
- Repetitive movements (e.g., typing, lifting, racket sports)
- Acute trauma (e.g., fall on outstretched hand)
- Forceful twisting motions
- Poor ergonomics during work or exercise
Pathophysiology
- Involves microtears in the musculotendinous units
- Inflammatory response leads to pain and limited mobility
- May involve flexor or extensor tendons
Clinical Presentation
- Diffuse pain around the wrist
- Swelling and tenderness
- Decreased range of motion
- Weak grip strength
- No instability (unlike ligament sprain)
Diagnosis
- Clinical examination
- Rule out fractures or ligament injuries with:
- X-ray
- MRI or ultrasound (if severe or persistent)
Classification (based on severity)
| Grade | Description | Clinical Features |
|---|---|---|
| I | Mild strain | Slight overstretching, minimal pain |
| II | Moderate strain | Partial tendon tear, moderate pain/swelling |
| III | Severe strain | Complete rupture, severe pain, loss of function |
Treatment
| Phase | Treatment Options | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Acute (first 48–72 h) |
Immobilization if needed | NSAIDs for pain and inflammation |
| Subacute |
Physical therapy | Avoid re-injury, start strengthening |
| Chronic |
Activity modification | Consider bracing for repetitive tasks |
Prognosis
- Excellent with early and appropriate management
- Most resolve in 2–6 weeks
- Risk of recurrence if not rehabilitated properly