Ventricular drainage placement techniques

• Research Progress of External Ventricular Drainage Catheterization Techniques
• Surgical Nuances in Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Distal Catheter Placement in Pediatric Ventriculoatrial Shunts
• Preventing What Matters: A Fast and Reliable Technique to Secure External Ventricular Drains and Avoid Dislodgement
• Risk factors for complications in bolt-connected external ventricular drains
• Theophylline can resolve refractory acute negative-pressure hydrocephalus: illustrative case
• Iatrogenic dural arteriovenous fistula formation as a rare complication of external ventricular drain placement: institutional review of 16 cases
• Continuous Intra-arterial Infusion of Verapamil for Severe Vasospasm Treatment After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Case Report
• Clinical characteristics and post-operative outcomes in children with purulent meningitis with hydrocephalus: 46 cases in a single center study

Autoclavable reusable SHUNTSCOPE® is designed to facilitate the endoscopic ventricular drainage placement during shunt surgery.

Kim et al. described the ideal trajectory and target for accurate Ventricular drainage placement. Seventeen consecutive trials of image-guided placement of the ventricular shunt catheter resulted in excellent positioning of the catheter, within the free cerebrospinal fluid space just anterior to the foramen of Monro. This positioning was accurate in each case, even if the ventricles were distorted or shifted ¹⁾.

Image-guided ventricular catheter placement.

Ghajar Guide technique.

Freehand ventricular catheter placement.

There is insufficient evidence to recommend the occipital approach versus frontal point of entry for the ventricular catheter; therefore, both entry points are options for the treatment of pediatric hydrocephalus ²⁾.

Real-time transcranial ultrasound monitoring through an enlarged bur hole is a feasible, safe, and effective technique for the placement of ventricular catheters in pediatric patients without a patent fontanelle ³⁾.

3D ultrasound with the described setup is a promising technique for accurate, fast, and user-friendly navigated placement of catheters for cerebrospinal fluid diversion ⁴⁾.