Symptomatic irreducible basilar invagination has traditionally been approached through a transoral-transpharyngeal route with resection of the anterior portion of C1 and the odontoid. Modification of this exposure with either a Le Fort osteotomy or a transmandibular osteotomy and circumglossal approach has increased the access to pathological conditions in this region. These traditional routes all require traversing the oral cavity and accepting the associated potential complications.

  • transmandibular.txt
  • Last modified: 2024/06/07 03:00
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