Thalamic oligodendrogliomas are extremely rare tumors of the central nervous system, as oligodendrogliomas typically arise in the cerebral hemispheres, particularly in the frontal and temporal lobes. Their occurrence in the thalamus is unusual, and their diagnosis requires histopathological and molecular confirmation.

Epidemiology Rare entity; most oligodendrogliomas occur in the supratentorial white matter. Typically affects young adults, though it can occur in both pediatric and adult populations. No significant sex predilection.