Temporal lobe consider:

tumors (in order of decreasing frequency)

ganglioglioma

DNET

pilocytic astrocytoma

diffuse astrocytoma

oligodendroglioma

pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA)

cysts

neuroepithelial cyst

choroid fissural cyst

other

herpes simplex encephalitis: usually some bilateral changes, and different presentation

limbic encephalitis: usually some bilateral changes, and different presentation

mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS)

If cortical elsewhere consider:

low-grade astrocytoma

ganglioglioma

pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA)

oligoastrocytoma/oligodendroglioma

Taylor dysplasia