A study sample refers to a group of individuals or subjects that are selected from a larger population to participate in a research study. The purpose of selecting a sample is to make inferences about the population from which the sample was drawn.

The process of selecting a sample is called sampling. Researchers use different sampling techniques to ensure that the sample is representative of the population they are studying. Common sampling techniques include random sampling, stratified sampling, cluster sampling, and convenience sampling.

Once a sample has been selected, researchers collect data from the sample using various methods such as surveys, interviews, observations, or experiments. The data collected from the sample is then analyzed using statistical methods to draw conclusions about the population.

It is important to note that the size and representativeness of the sample can affect the accuracy of the study's findings. Therefore, researchers must carefully consider the sample size and sampling technique they use to ensure that their results are valid and reliable.