Septic arthritis

Septic arthritis, also known as infectious arthritis, is a bacterial, viral, or fungal infection of a joint. It can affect any joint in the body, but it most commonly occurs in large joints such as the knee, hip, shoulder, or elbow. However, septic arthritis of the spinal facet joint refers specifically to an infection in the facet joints of the spine.

Symptoms of septic arthritis typically include severe joint pain, swelling, warmth, redness, and decreased range of motion in the affected joint. Fever and chills may also be present, indicating a systemic infection.

Diagnosis is made through a combination of clinical evaluation, imaging studies like MRI or CT scans, and analysis of joint fluid obtained through aspiration. Treatment usually involves prompt administration of antibiotics, often intravenously, to target the underlying infection. In some cases, drainage of the infected joint fluid may be necessary to alleviate pressure and remove infectious material.

Untreated septic arthritis can lead to joint destruction, permanent damage, and systemic spread of infection, posing serious risks to overall health. Therefore, early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial to prevent complications and promote recovery.