The modern rigid endoscope was invented by Karl Storz in 1965 when he combined the optical rod system of Hopkins and used fiberoptics to carry illumination down to the tip of the endoscope 1).
1)
Linder TE, Simmen D, Stool SE. Revolutionary inventions in the 20th century. The history of endoscopy. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1997 Nov;123(11):1161–1163.