Pain
John Joseph Bonica (February 16, 1917 – August 15, 1994) was a Sicilian American anesthesiologist and professional wrestler known as the founding father of the discipline of pain medicine.
Journal
Definition
Pain is a multidimensional experience with an affective component: the unpleasantness.
Epidemiology
Pain is the most common reason patients seek medical care. Pain has sensory and emotional components.
Classification
Scales
see Pain Scales.
Pain intensity
see Pain intensity.
Pain diagnosis
Treatment
see Pain treatment.
In traumatic brain injury
Many patients with a traumatic brain injury (TBI) are unable to self-report their pain in the intensive care unit (ICU) because of altered levels of consciousness (LOC), mechanical ventilation, and/or aphasia 1).
In nonverbal populations, use of behaviors suggestive of pain (a.k.a pain behaviors) such as grimacing, increased muscle tension, protective movements, and noncompliance with the ventilator is recommended for pain assessment 2) 3).
Books
Integrating Pain Treatment into Your Spine Practice
This book fills the gap in knowledge and patient care by showing spine surgeons how to integrate pain management techniques into their practice. The first of its kind, Integrating Pain Treatment into Your Spine Practice is in tune with current efforts by major neurosurgical and neuromodulation societies and leading manufacturers of neuromodulation equipment to educate spine surgeons on the management of their patients’ post-surgical pain.
Designed as an all-in-one volume, this book explains how to identify candidates for pain treatment and when to refer them to specialists. It also presents “how-to” clinical information on approaches to managing pain, from the medical to the interventional and provides practical business guidance on coding and reinforcement.