Lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis

• Uniportal Full Endoscopic Posterolateral Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion
• Robot-assisted versus navigated spinal fusion surgery: a comparative multicenter study on transpedicular screw placement accuracy and patient outcomes
• The hidden asymmetry: facet joint tropism as a clue to spinal malalignment and muscle degeneration in adult spinal deformity
• Comparison of Biportal Endoscopic Technique and Conventional Unilateral Laminectomy for Bilateral Decompression (ULBD) for Multi-Level Degenerative Lumbar Spinal Stenosis in Elderly People
• Comparing fusion and complication rates after instrumented versus uninstrumented fusion for lumbar spondylolisthesis: A systematic review and meta analysis of randomized controlled trials with trial sequential analysis
• The influence of sarcopenia on clinical and radiological features in patients with single-segment degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis at L4/5 level
• A Prospective Study on the Functional Outcomes of Surgical Management of Lumbar and Lumbosacral Spondylolisthesis Using Pedicle Screw Fixation and Posterolateral Fusion
• Effect of Surgical Approach on Patient-reported Outcomes of Lumbar Fusion for Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: Should Grade Influence Approach?

Anterior subluxation of one lumbar vertebral body (VB) on another, most common ly the upper VB is anterior to the inferior one. Usually L5 on S1, the next most common is L4 on L5.

Lumbar Disc herniation and nerve root compression with spondylolisthesis: It is rare for a herniated lumbar disc to occur at the level of the listhesis, however the disc may “roll” out as it is uncovered and produce findings on MRI that may resemble a herniated disc which has been termed a “pseudodisc.”

It is more common to see a herniated disc at the level above the listhesis.

If the listhesis does cause nerve root compression, it tends to involve the nerve exiting below the pedicle of the anteriorly subluxed upper vertebra (e.g. if an L4–5 spondylolisthesis causes nerve root compression, it will generally involve the L4 root). The compression is usually due to upward displacement of the superior articular facet of the level below together with disc material, and symptoms typically resemble neurogenic claudication, although true radiculopathy may sometimes occur.

There also may be a contribution from a fibrous/inflammatory mass from the nonunion.

Isthmic spondylolisthesis rarely produces central canal stenosis since only the anterior part of the vertebral body shifts forward. May present with radiculopathy or neurogenic claudication from compression in the neural foramen, with the nerve exiting under the pedicle at that level being the most vulnerable. May also present with low back pain. Many cases are asymptomatic

see Lumbar Spondylolisthesis Classification.

Lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS) and Lumbar spinal canal stenosis (SPS) were originally described as separate pathoanatomic entities, though both cause narrowing of the spinal canal, compression of the nerve roots, and can lead to neurogenic claudication ^{1) 2)}.

Isthmic spondylolisthesis rarely produces central canal stenosis since only the anterior part of the vertebral body shifts forward. May present with radiculopathy or neurogenic claudication from compression in the neural foramen, with the nerve exiting under the pedicle at that level being the most vulnerable. May also present with low back pain. Many cases are asymptomatic.

Progression of spondylolisthesis may occur without surgical intervention, but is more common following surgery ³⁾.

Lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis clinical features

Lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis diagnosis.

see Degenerative Lumbar Spondylolisthesis treatment.

Can produce lumbar foraminal stenosis, lumbar spinal stenosis.

The presence of spondylolisthesis in patients with central lumbar spinal stenosis is a risk factor for lack of recovery, but not deterioration. The absence of therapeutic exercise was a risk factor for the progression of the disease ⁴⁾.

Lumbar spondylolisthesis case series.