Kyiv

Institute of Neurosurgery named after acad. A. P. Romodanov of the NAMS of Ukraine“, Kyiv.

Restorative Neurosurgery Department, The State Institution Institute of Neurosurgery named after A.P.Romodanov of the National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine, 04050, 32 Platon Mayboroda St., Kiev, Ukraine, drgatskiy@mail.ru.

Spinal Department of the Institute of Neurosurgery

The History of International Neurosurgery Center The declaration of independence of Ukraine in 1991 became the catalyst to open in the same year a branch of neurosurgery of spinal-brain pathology at the Kyiv City Clinical Emergency Hospital. The promoter and subsequent director of such a branch became the energetic neurosurgeon, Dr Igor Kurilets. From the outset, the work of the branch relied on progressive technology, about which neurosurgeons of the (former) USSR could only dream.

In 1992 Dr Kurilets by chance was able to meet the well known English neurosurgeon, Henry Marsh. The ensuing discussion between the two neurosurgeons revealed cardinal differences between the practice of neurosurgery in Ukraine and neurosurgery in Western Europe. That chance meeting began an ongoing warm friendship, and a rewarding and co-operative medical experience.

In 1993 on the recommendation of the academic A.P. Romodaniv and at the invitation of Henry Marsh as well as the French company Sofamor, Dr Igor Kurilets began an intensive training programme in Great Britain, France, Belgium, and Hungary. That trip was revolutionary for soviet neurosurgery, because it brought to Ukraine new technology in the field of neurosurgery which provided vastly different results from earlier surgeries. Beginning in 1993 the surgical microscope became an integral aspect in the performance of neurosurgery on herniated spinal disks, tumours on the brain, neuralgic triple nerve, and cranial-vertebrae pathology. In parallel, for the first time in the CIS we undertook the first spinal instrumentation utilising the methodology of Kotrel & Duboisse on a broken spinal chord, spondylolisthesis and scoliosis.

With the support of President Kuchma, under the direction of Dr Kurilets, in 1995 the spinal and brain surgery department was reorganised to be more like the European clinics. Henry Marsh and the company Sofamor achieved technological reformation of the clinic; there were countless training sessions of Ukrainian neurosurgeons in other countries as well as visitations of doctors from England and Poland.

In 1998 with the support of the Ambassador to Great Britain in Ukraine, His Excellency Roy River, as a first in Ukraine, a permanent telecommunication system via the internet was organised between Dr Igor Kurilets’ clinic and London. Questions relating to the treatment of the more seriously ill were resolved with the assistance of colleagues in England. The popularity of the department and the number of surgeries progressively increased from 280 in 1992 to over 800 in the years 1999-2000. Mortality for the corresponding period reduced from 12 to 1%.

The obvious success still could not withhold the uneasy reaction of the corrupt echelons of the medical administrators within the Kyiv City Administration and the neurosurgical profession, which maintained a neurosurgical “olympus” of that period. In the year 2000 the work of the department was paralysed, and after a series of bureaucratic inspections and pseudo-reorganisations Dr Kurilets with his team of doctor-neurosurgeons and nurses were forced to seek employment in the non-government sector of medicine. This was a time of blossoming corruption in the country, bureaucratic highhandedness knew no boundaries, millions of Ukrainians permanently left Ukraine, yet there were those who accepted the challenges of their future.

In 2001 the first non-government clinic of neurosurgery was opened in Ukraine: - “International Neurosurgery Center” (INSC). The idea to open such a clinic lies with Henry Marsh. He was the founder of the clinic. Dr Igor Kurilets and his team were also assisted by the well known Ukrainian neurosurgeon Dr V. Schehlov, the founder of the very first private hospital in Ukraine – B. Fedoryshyn, and H. Dvorzhak from Poland. Most deserving and meritorious gratitude must go to General M.P. Zacharash, who was a defender of the progress of medicine, providing us with the possibility of organising the work of the International Centre for Neurosurgery in the VMU SBU hospital. The modernisation of the clinic to current standards has been fulfilled by the American giant corporation in the area of medical technology, “Medtronics”.

The centre is now functioning and is modelled on the modern neurosurgical departments of Western Europe. Our aim is to establish current European standards in the areas of neurosurgery and orthopaedics.

Today, with the participation of Henry Marsh, the Centre has become familiar with modern technical operations on the brain (wake-up anaesthesia, corrective stimulation, sitting position, and so on), and also the modern operations of Suk-Lenke (Korea-USA), with complex spinal curvature with the assistance of Professor Noberto Ventura (Spain).

In the years 2005 – 2008 the INSC led the way with the establishment and government registration in Ukraine of modern medical technology, especially the navigational system Stealth station Treon Plus (USA), a system of implants with surgery on the spine: CD Horizon Legacy (USA), CD Horizon M8 (USA), Sextant II (USA), DIAM (France), Socore (France), a system for monitoring the function of the spine during surgery NIM Spine (USA), , also the system Electa (Italy) for the intrasurgical aortahemotransfision. Much of the abovenoted technology enabled the revolution of native neurosurgery and the liquidation of the extreme lag by world standards, which occurred at the end of the 20th and beginning of the 21st centuries.

Every year the clinic consults to and receives up to 5000 neurosurgical patients, which is analogically the norm of the European Union results.

In 2007, the BBC produced a documentary about International Neurosurgery Center titled “The English Surgeon”, which received high ratings and acclaimed awards for documentary filming. The film has been shown in over 80 countries throughout the world.

Dr Igor Kurilets and his like-minded colleagues have undertaken professional development training in various clinics in Great Britain, France, USA, Spain, Germany, Belgium, Hungary, and Poland.

Students of neurosurgery: H. H. Strutz, Y. P. Mayorov, A.S. Myzak, I.O. Nesterow, M.V. Valchuk, Y.M. Samonenko, A.V. Najda, I.V. Kovalenko, I.T. Moskaliuk, S.I. Balan, R.N. Abdulayev, and others.

Institute of neurosurgery named after A.P. Romodanov of the Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine

32, Platon Mayboroda str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine Tel. +38 (044) 483-95-73 e-mail: neuro.kiev@gmail.com www.neuro.kiev.ua ​

Institute of neurosurgery named after A.P. Romodanov of the Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine was founded on the base and as an inheritor of Kyiv psychoneurology Institute, which was established in 1927. Academician O.I.Arutiunov, a disciple and follower of academician M.N.Burdenko, was the organizer and first director of the Institute between 1950 and 1964. According to O.I.Arutiunov’s vision, the Institute was created as a complex research and therapeutic institution, where neurosurgeons worked together with other allied specialists. This complexity principle predetermined the entire making of national neurosurgery and furthered the development of new disciplines such as neuroradiology, otoneurology and neuroophthalmology, as well as further development of neurophysiology, neuropsychology, etc. Academician A.P.Romodanov directed the Institute for 30 years (between 1964 and 1993). After his death in 1993 the Institute was named after him. Y.P.Zozulia, an academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, has headed the Institute since 1993.

Prominent neurosurgeons worked in the Institute in various years — students and coworkers of academicians О.І.Arutiunov and А.P.Romodanov: P.H.Tananayko, P.О.Pronzelev, О.А.Krister, Y.І.Faynzilber, D.D.Virozub, B.А.Pelts, V.H.Stanislavskiy, L.Е.Pelekh, H.А.Pedachenko, Y.S.Brodskiy, Y.V.Patsko, as well as neuropathologists А.D. Dinaburh, О.L.Dukhin, І.S.Hlushkova, М.К.Khorets-Brotman, psychiatrists: А.P.Abashev-Konstantynovskiy, А.H.Dzevaltovska, neuropathomorphologists B.S.Lhominskiy, Y.М.Kvitnytskiy-Rizhov, Т.P.Verkhohliadova, neuro radiologists Т.D.Podolskiy, Y.І.Heynisman, L.P.Pankeeva, H.S.Danilenko and other specialists, who laid the foundation of the science of neurosurgery. During the first years of its existence the Institute focused its efforts on remote post-war complications of brain damage, cerebrum and spinal marrow, peripheral, in particular vegetative nervous system. Later on the Institute began to explore various aspects of intracranial hypertension, brain edema, neurooncology, vascular and inflammatory brain diseases, CNS defects and nervous system peace-time injuries cancers. Over years the Institute considerably enlarged and developed, changed its research directions and expanded the range of scientific problems. The Institute carries out research on important practical and theoretical scientific problems, such as diagnosis and comprehensive treatment of tumor of cerebral nervous system, development and clinical application of new intravascular surgery, neuro transplantation; neuroimmunology has developed and considerable achievements has been developed in this area, a system of neurosurgical care has been set up to manage childbirth brain damage. The Institute is a leader in these areas among neurosurgery institutions in developed countries. In recent years, in addition to the already mentioned areas, the Institute has been focusing on problems of pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of CNS damage and its consequences; surgical treatment of complicated cerebrovascular pathologies; problems of functional and rehabilitation neurosurgery; study of immunopathological responses in patients with CNS neurosurgical pathologies; study of a continuous impact of small doses of radiation on the brain; development of efficacious methods of prevention and treatment of infectious-inflammatory complications in neurosurgical patients; experimental; research on the formation of epileptic foci; treatment of child development anomalies and hydrocephaly; rehabilitation of neurosurgical patients; study of biomolecular and genetic changes in glial and connective tissue tumors; development of reparative operations on patients with intracranial aneurisms and arteriovenous malformations, improvements in puncture vertebroplasty, technologies of prosthetic repair of intervertebral discs with mobile prostheses, portal endoscopic operations for diskogenic lumbosacral radiculitis and methods of rehabilitation treatment of compression lesions of peripheral nerves; creation of a system of integrated diagnosis using MRI, X-ray and SPECT-imaging methods. New areas using biotechnologies, i.e. technologies using brainstem cells of neuro- and hematogenic origin to repair motor, speech and other vital functions in patients with focal brain damage of various genesis; a technology using culture population of oligodendrocytes of humans, mammals that ensure the re-myelinization process; the use of gene technologies to manage experimental TBI. Currently the Institute has 1181 people on its staff, including 126 scientists (two of who is an academician, one corresponding member, 13 professors, 21 doctors and 88 PhDs). The Institute clinical base includes 15 core departments having 361 beds, where more than 8 thousand patients are treated annually. Surgeries are performed in 15 operating rooms, where nearly 6,000 patients are operated on for central and peripheral nervous system diseases. The policlinic department provides specialized consultations to 30,000 patients every year. The entirety of research and treatment, scientific exploration of neurosurgery problems scientific are ensured by an array of scientific and diagnostic departments and laboratories — neuroradiology, brain imaging, radionuclide diagnosis, neurophysiology, neuro-biochemistry, clinical research, neuroimmunology, neuropathomorphology, electronic microscopy, tissue culture, etc, fitted with modern diagnostic equipment, specifically, computer tomography, MRI, angiograms, SPECT-imaging, ultrasound, electrophysiological equipment. The Institute, being a central institution in the field of neurosurgery, ensures the activity of the Troubleshooting committee «Neurosurgery» under the Ministry of Health and Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine. For years it has been scaling up a range of administrative and methodological activities to further the development of the neurosurgery service and improve specialized neurosurgical care in Ukraine. For 40 years the Institute had a Board of a scientific society of neurosurgeons of Ukraine. In 1993 the Ukrainian Association of Neurosurgeons was established. The Institute of neurosurgery and the Ukrainian Association of Neurosurgeons founded a «Ukrainian neurosurgical journal». For many years the Institute has had a Specialized doctorate award board (nearly 500 doctorate and PhD degrees were awarded). Institute workers published 137 monographs, over 9,000 scientific works, and won 300 certificates of authorship. The Institute has neurosurgery departments of Bohomolets national medical university and the Shupik national medical academy of postgraduate education. It trains specialists through residency and scientific brainpower through postgraduate and doctorate studies. The Institute has ongoing advanced training thematic courses using specially developed curricula. For many years the Institute has collaborated with scientific staff and individual scientists from far and near abroad countries. Some of the Institute staff are working abroad. The Institute continues to build its new buildings. From the initial single building it has expanded to a complex of building which clinical and R&D units.

Aleksandr Ivanovich Arutyunov–the founder of Ukrainian Neurosurgery ¹⁾.

This study evaluates the efficacy of operative skill transfer in the context of targeted pediatric outreach missions completed in Kiev, Ukraine. In addition the ability to create sustainable surgical care improvement is investigated as an efficient method to improve global surgical care. METHODS: Three 1-week targeted neurosurgical missions were performed (2005-2007) to teach neuroendoscopy, which included donation of the necessary surgical equipment, so the host team can deliver newly acquired surgical skills to their citizens after the visiting mission team departs. The neuroendoscopy data for the 4 years after the final mission in 2007 was obtained. RESULTS: After performing pediatric neurosurgery missions in 2005-2007, with a focus on teaching neuroendoscopy, the host team demonstrated the sustainability of our educational efforts in the subsequent 4 years by performing cases independently for their citizens. Since the last targeted mission of 2007, neuroendoscopic procedures have continued to be performed by the trained host surgeons. In 2008, 33 cases were performed. In 2009 and 2010, 29 and 22 cases were completed, respectively. In 2011, local neurosurgeons accomplished 27 cases. To date, a total of 111 operations have been performed over the past 4 years independent of any visiting team, illustrating the sustainability of educational efforts of the missions in 2005-2007. CONCLUSIONS: Effective operative skill transfer to host neurosurgeons can be accomplished with limited international team visits using a targeted approach that minimizes expenditures on personnel and capital. With the priority being teaching of an operative technique, as opposed to perennially performing operations by a visiting mission team, sustainable surgical care was achieved and perpetuated after missions officially concluded ²⁾.

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R, Canettieri G, Trinti B, Zani M, Andreoli M, Sciacchitano S, de Silva AM, Whitecross K, Pasco J, Kotowicz M, Nicholson G, Zimmet P, Boyko EJ, Collier GR, Frittitta L, Pizzuti A, Argiolas A, Graci S, Goldfine ID, Bozzali M, Ercolino T, Costanzo B, Iacoviello L, Tassi V, Trischitta V, Wauters M, Rankinen T, Mertens I, Chagnon M, Bouchard C, Van Gaal L, Sivenius K, Valve R, Hakkarainen V, Niskanen L, Laakso M, Uusitupa M, Beridze N, Japaridze M, Kurashvili R, Dundua M, Kebuladze G, Kazakhashvili N, Offley-Shore B, Thomas B, Ghebremeskel K, Crawford M, Lowy C, Eriksson UJ, Martin Simán C, Wisse B, Gittenberger-de Groot AC, Wentzel P, Eriksson UJ, Wender-Ożegowska E, Drews K, Biczysko R, Bronisz A, Rość D, Graczykowska-Koczorowska A, Kotschy M, Sokup A, Kohnert KD, Besch W, Strese J, Frick U, Zander E, Kemer W, Škrha J, Kvasnička J, Kalvodová B, Hilgertová J, Schatteman K, Goossens F, Scharpé S, De Leeuw I, Hendriks D, Legakis IN, Panayiotou D, Mountokalakis TD, Enderle MD, Beckmann P, Balletshofer B, Rittig K, Maerker E, Volk A, Meisner C, Jacob S, Matthaei S, Häring HU, Rett K, Ueda K, Nakagawa T, Shimajiri Y, Kokawa M, Matsumoto E, Sasaki H, Sanke T, Nanjo K, McKinnon CM, Macfarlane WM, Docherty K, Furukawa N, Shirotani T, Kishikawa H, Kaneko K, Araki E, Shichiri M, Prentki M, Roduit R, Susini S, Buteau J, Ejrnæs AM, Andersen NA, Osterhoff M, Möhlig M, Ortmann J, Bikashaghi F, Mayer C, Bikashagi F, Ackermans MT, Pereira Arias AM, Bisschop PH, Endert E, Sauerwein HP, Romijn JA, Gastaldelli A, Baldi S, Pettiti M, Natali A, Frascerra S, Camastra S, Toschi E, Ferrannini E, Stingl H, Krssak M, Bischof MG, Krebs M, Fürnsinn C, Nowotny P, Waldhäusl W, Roden M, Neeft M, Meijer AJ, Båvenholm P, Pigon J, Efendic S, Kästenbauer T, Sauseng S, Sokol G, Auinger M, Irsigler K, Abbott CA, Carrington AL, Faragher B, Kulkarni J, Van Ross ER, Boulton AJ, Armstrong DG, Hadi S, Nguyen HC, Harkless LB, Jirkovská A, Kasalicky P, Hosová J, Skibova J, Uccioli L, Caselli A, Giacomozzi C, Macellari V, Giurato L, Lardieri L, Menzinger G, Pham HT, Rosenblum BI, Lyons TE, Giurini JM, Smakowski P, Chrzan JS, Habershaw GM, Veves A, Foster AM, Bates M, Doxford M, Edmonds ME, Kecha O, Winkler R, Martens H, Collette J, Lefèbvre PJ, Greiner D, Geenen V, Atlan-Gepner C, Naspetti M, Valéro R, Barad M, Lepault F, Vialettes B, Naquet P, de Galan B, Netea MG, Hancu N, Smits P, Van der Meer JW, Osterbye T, Jørgensen KH, Tranum-Jensen J, Fredman P, Høy M, Bokvist K, Olsen HL, Horn T, Gromada J, Laub R, Lohmann T, Hahn HJ, Adler T, Emmrich F, Rabuazzo AM, Lupi R, Dotta F, Patanè G, Marselli L, Realacci M, Piro S, Del Guerra S, Santangelo C, Navalesi R, Purrello F, Marchetti P, de Vos P, Visser L, de Haan BJ, Klok P, van Schilfgaarde R, Poppema S, Juang JH, Kuo CH, Hsu BR, Nacher V, Pérez M, Biarnés M, Raurell M, Soler J, Montanya E, Ritzel R, Maubach J, Büsing M, Becker T, Klempnauer J, Hücking K, Schmiegel WH, Nauck MA, Bouček P, Saudek F, Adamec M, Kožitarová R, Jedináková T, Vlasáková Z, Skibová J, Bartoš V, Maffi P, Bertuzzi F, Aldrighetti L, Taglietti MV, Castelnuovo A, Pozza G, Di Carlo V, Secchi A, Renier G, Mamputu JC, Gillespie JS, McMaster D, Mercer C, Trimble ER, Lecomte M, Véricel E, Paget C, Ruggiero D, Lagarde M, Wiernsperger N, Pricci F, Leto G, Amadio L, Cordone S, Iacobini C, Catalano S, Violi F, Rotella CM, Pugliese G, Zicari A, Gradini R, Sale P, Pala L, Cresci B, Giannini S, Manuelli C, Dahlfors G, Arnqvist HJ, Gonelle-Gispert C, Halnan PA, Sadoul K, Wolter S, Lang J, Niwa T, Yu W, Hidaka H, Senda T, Niki I, Fukasawa T, Renstrom E, Barg S, Seward E, Rorsman P, Rutter GA, Molinete M, Lilla V, Ravazzola M, Halban PA, Efanov AM, Bertorello AM, Zaitsev SV, Zwiller J, Berggren PO, MŞengül A, Salman F, Sargrn M, Özer E, Karşidaǧ K, Salman S, Gedik S, Satman I, Dinççaǧ N, Yılmaz MT, Lloyd A, Hopkinson PK, Testa MA, Blonde L, Turner RR, Hayes J, Simonson DC, van der Ven NC, Lubach CH, Snoek FJ, Mollema ED, van der Ploeg HM, Danne T, Hoey H, McGee H, Fitzgerald H, Lernmark B, Thernlund G, Fredin K, Hägglöf B, Lugari R, Dell'Anna C, Ugolotti D, Dei Cas A, Barilli AL, Sard L, Marani B, Iotti M, Zandomeneghi R, Gnudi A, Kjems LL, Volund A, Toft-Nielsen M, Damholt MB, Hilsted L, Hughes TE, Krarup T, Holst JJ, Young A, Gottlieb A, Fineman M, Kolterman O, Cancelas J, García-Martínez JA, Villanueva-Peñacarrillo ML, Valverde I, Malaisse WJ, Filipsson K, Ahrén B, Balkan B, Kwasnik L, Battle B, Li X, Egan JM, Clocquet AR, Elahi D, Petrella E, Pricket K, Petersen KF, Sullivan JT, Amatruda JM, Livingston JN, Shulman GI, Freyse EJ, Knospe S, Glund K, Demuth HU, Walker D, Malik RA, Reljanovic M, Barada A, Milicevic Z, Tack CJ; Croatian Study Group for Diabetic Amyotrophy, Goldstein DS, Van Huysen C, Stevens MJ, Cao X, Sundkvist G, Dahlin LB, Eriksson KF, Rosén I, Lattimer SA, Sima AA, Sullivan K, Shaw JE, de Courten MP, Zimmet PZ, Gourdy P, Ruidavets JB, Arveiler D, Amouyel P, Bingham A, Tauber JP, Lam KS, Wat NM, Lam TH, Janus ED, de Pablos P, Rodriguez F, Martínez J, Sánchez V, Santana C, García I, Macías A, Levin K, Hother-Nielsen O, Henriksen JE, Beck-Nielsen H, Brechtel K, Machann J, Koch M, Nielsen M, Löblein K, Becker R, Denignger M, Renn W, Machicao F, Claussen CD, Schick F, Diraison F, Moulin P, Beylot M, Thams P, Capito K, Eliasson L, Barg S, Göpel S, Kanno T, Renström E, Meda P, Charollais A, Gjnovci A, Calabrese A, Wonkam A, Caton D, Wisznievski L, Serre V, Cogne F, Bauquis J, Bosco D, Huarte J, Herrera P, Gotfredsen CF, Vessby B; KANWU study group, Manuel Y Keenoy B, Engelen W, Vertommen J, Schrans S, Louheranta A, Lindström J, Tuomilehto J; Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study Group, Segal KR, Heymsfield S, Hauptman J, Boldrin M, Lucas C, Pandolfi A, Cetrullo D, Polishchuck R, Alberta M, Pellegrini G, Calafiore A, Vitacolonna E, Capani F, Consoli A, Halleux CM, Gillot EF, Brichard SM, Van der Planken M, Corthouts B, Peiffer F, Scholten D, Walke M, Assert R, Pirags V, Pedula KL, Hillier TA, Brown JB; EURODIAB Prospective Complications Study (PCS) Group, Santini SA, Marra G, Cotroneo P, Manto A, Di Leo MA, Di Gregorio S, Tordi A, Pitocco D, Ruotolo V, Ghirlanda G, Temelkova-Kurktschiev T, Schaper F, Koehler C, Henkel E, Hanefeld M, Mancini L, Citterio F, Cotroneo A, Ceroone S, Castagneto M, Rajbhandari SM, Dent MT, Plater ME, Harris ND, Tesfaye S, Ward JD, Dupuy O, Mayaudon H, Lecoules S, Bauduceau B, Palou M, Farret O, Molinié C, Antonelli-Incalzi R, Fuso L, Giordano A, Calcagni ML, Todaro L, Basso S, Tramaglino LM, Troncone L, Pistelli R, Guillot R, Bringuier A, Porokhov B, Guillausseau PJ, Feldmann G, Zivanic S, Cizmic M, Dragojevic R, Vanovic M, Borghouts LB, van Kranenburg GP, Schaart G, Keizer HA, Niess AM, Dickuth HH, Lutz O, Barbe P, Calazel-Fournier C, Hernandez G, Saint-Martin F, Galitzky J, Gonçalves AA, da Silva EC, Brito IJ, da Silva CA, Lawrence NJ, Kousta E, Mulnier H, Penny A, Millauer B, Johnston DG, Robinson S, Perriello G, Pimenta W, Pampanelli S, Lucidi P, Lepore M, Porcellati F, Cordoni MC, De Feo P, Bolli GB, Sjöstrand M, Holmäng A, Lönnroth P, Hauer B, Grauer P, Artzner S, Lang R, Stumvoll M, Monti LD, Piatti PM, Gemone F, Valsecchi G, Magni M, Barbieri E, Setola E, Sandoli EP, Galli-Kienle M, Pontiroli AE, Nichols GA, Brown JB, Salzsieder E, Boltz H, Ramirez JC, Rutscher A, Fischer U, Koenig C, Friske M, Schramm W, Landgraf R, Bachmann W, Bangemann M, Groeneveld G, Edvell A, Lindström P, Tsiotra P, Koukourava A, Raptis SA, Tsigos C, Boutou E, Triandaffilopoulou A, Egido EM, Rodríguez-Gallardo J, Gutiérrez E, García P, Silvestre RA, Marco J, Khan A, Ling ZC, Ahren B, Efendic S, Bünting C, Du X, Zhi Sui G, Rösen P, Koschinsky T, Kearney TM, Sharp PS, Lapolla A, Fedele D, Martano L, Garbeglio M, Seraglia R, Favretto D, Traldi P, Meerwaldt R, Smit AJ, Links TP, V Roon AM, Graaf R, Gans RO, Deynelİ O, Ersöz HÖ, Gogas D, Fak AS, Akalin S, Veglio M, Sivieri R, Chinaglia A, Scaglione L; Neuropathy Study Group of the Italian Society of the Study of Diabetes, Le T, Wong N, Detrano R, Charles MA, Colhoun HM, Francis DP, Rubens M, Underwood SR, Fuller JH, Knudsen E, Sato A, Nielsen FS, Bonora E, Kiechl S, Willeit J, Oberhollenzer F, Egger G, Bonadonna R, Muggeo M, Festa A, D'Agostino R Jr, Howard G, Mykkänen L, Tracy RP, Haffner SM, Poulsen P, Vach K; European Group for the Study of Insulin Resistance (EGIR), Ijzerman RG, Bakker SJ, Truster J, Crowther NJ, Cameron N, Gray IP, Chaillous L, Carel JC, Thivolet C, Boitard C, Charbonnel B, Saï P; D.I.O.R. study group, Decochez K, Keymeulen B, Somers G, Dorchy H, Rottiers R, Winnock F, Ver Elst K, Weets I, Pipeleers D, Gorus F, Seebaum S, Schumm-Draeger PM, Petzoldt R, Federlin K, Bonnevie-Nielsen V, Martensen PM, Justesen J, Worsaa A, Karlsson M, Sederholm S, Ludvigsson J, Bélicar P, Dale C, Vague P, Alessis C, Lassmann-Vague V, Bode BW, Gross TM, Ghegan M, Steed RD, Davidson PC, Ordoñez A, Rubio JL, Sulleiro JM, Buendía JP, Zamora J, Castillo M, Schaupp L, Ellmerer M, Brunner GA, Sendlhofer G, Schlack C, Skrabal F, Wach P, Pieber TR, Heinemann L, Krämer U, Klötzer HM, Hermann M; Non-Invasive Task Force, Cosgrove KE, Chapman JC, Shepherd RM, McIntyre S, Butler PC, Dunne MJ, Brekardin E, Dörschner H, Schwanstecher C, Schwanstecher M, Uhde I, Emmanouilidou E, Teschemacher AG, Pouli AE, Gylfe E, Tengholm A, Hellman B, Perfetti R, Aggarwal S, Müller G, Welte S, Wied S, Valverde AM, Mur C, Kahn CR, Benito M, Rondinone CM, Peterson T, Laviola L, Belsanti G, Logoluso F, Napoli R, Davalli AM, Weir GC, Giorgino R, Giorgino F, Flesch S, Hompesch B, Rave K, Susanto F, Kühn-Velten WN, Heise T, Rendell M, Dole J; Rosiglitazone Study Group, Esper RJ, Stein E, Lemme L; Cerivastatin/Bezafibrate Latin America Study Group, Rubinstein A, Maritz FJ, Soule S, Market A, Chajek-Shaul T, Maislos M, Tal S, Stolero D; HIDM investigators, Josefsen K, Beckmann H, Petersen C, Ekman R, Efanova I, Zaitsev S, Berggren PO, Birkenbach M, Holl RW, Rosenbauer J, Grabert M; German Working Group on Quality Control, Icks A, Schwab O, Reile K; German Pediat. Working Group, Janssen MM, de Jongh RT, Casteleijn S, Masurel N, Hoogma RP, Santeusanio F, Brunetti P, Fanelli CG, Laureti S, Bartocci L, Maran A, Crepaldi C, Trupiani S, Macdonald IA, Avogaro A, Bouman SD, Keitz M, Bruggink JE, Scheurink AJ, Strubbe JH, Steffens AB, Ferguson SC, McCrimmon RJ, Perros P, Best JJ, Deary IJ, Frier BM, Robinson RT, Ireland NH, Bedford C, Fairclough E, Hudson S, Heller SR, Borch-Johnsen K, Berger M, Overmann H, Bender R, Blank M, Sawicki P, Jörgens V, Mühlhauser I, Nosadini R, Sailer A, Dalla Vestra M, Brocco E, Piarulli F, Frigato F, Sambataro M, Velussi M, Baggio B, Fioretto P, Jager A, van Hinsbergh VW, Kostense PJ, Nrjpels G, Gæde P, Pedersen O, Andrysiak-Mamos E, Majkowska L, Krzyżanowska B, Pilarska K, Czekalski S, Mazzon C, Brocco S, Field LL, Nejentsev S, Gombos Z, Veijola R, Knip M, Simell O, Vaarala O, Åkerblom HK, Ilonen J, Krokowski M, Bodalski J, Andrzejewski W, Ławnik M, Teodorczyk A, Heinrich A, Caillat-Zucman S, Buzzetti R, Petrone A, Mesturino C, Giorgi G, Fiori R, Nisticò L, Di Genova G, Cascino I, Klöting I, Kovacs P, McKinney PA, Okasha M, Parslow RC, Law GR, Gurney KA, Williams R, Bodansky HJ, Herzig P, Giani G, Vervoort G, Lutterman JA, Berden JH, Wetzels JF, Paniagua O, Shaw L, Austin C, Heagerty AM, Seppälä-Lindroos A, Vehkavaara S, Yki-Järvinen H, Caballero AE, Lim SC, LoGerfo FW, Horton ES, Zembowicz A, Fragasso G, Caumo A, Phan VC, Costa S, Conti M, Chierchia SL, Vigili de Kreutzenberg S, Marchetto S, Calò L, Wascher TC, Wölkart G, Brunner F, Tripathy D, Carlsson M, Isomaa B, Tuomi T, Groop L, Stoffers DA, Muller DC, Wideman L, Chin GA, Clarke WL, Hanks JB, Habener JF, Guazzarotti L, Toffolo G, Clementi L, Vespasiani G, Cobelli C, Clauin S, Bellanné-Chantelot C, Bartolotta E, Gautier JF, Wilson C, Weyer C, Mort D, Knowler WC, Polonsky K, Bogardus C, Pratley RE, Porksen N, Veldhuis JD, Polonsky KS, Byrne MM, Brandt A, Arnold R, Katschinski M, Göke B, Hardt E, Fritsche A, Stefan N, Schützenauer S, Lüddeke HJ, Renner R, Hepp KD, Shnawa N, Krugluger W, Hopmeier P, Schernthaner G, Kautzky-Willer A, Prager R, Fallucca F, Sabbatini A, Sciullo E, Torresi P, Mazziotti F, Maroccia E, Napoli A, Buongiorno A, Deberg M, Dozio N, Castiglioni MT, Sodoyez-Goffaux F, Carvalheiro M, Fagulha I, Fagulha A, Gomes L, Paiva S, Marta E, Sobral E, Leitão F, Pinto L, Ruas M, Buchanan T, Di Cianni G, Volpe L, Casadidio I, Bottone P, Teti G, Boldrini A, Benzi L, Rasera T, Becciu V, Beretta A, Almirante G, Castiglioni M, Kerényi Z, Stella P, Nádasdi Á, Baranyi É, Csákány MG, Tamás G, Mehta ZM, Manley S, Zimmett P, Bottazzo GF, Hoey H, Mollensen H, Hougaard P, McGee H, Vidal J, Fernández M, Sesmilo G, Casamitjana R, Gomis R, Conget I, Rathmann W, Curran S, Mitchell J, Hennings S, Katsaros T, Saflianis I, Gigiakou E, Kasi E, Polychroniades V, Dzien A, Dzien-Bischinger C, Hadjidakis D, Apostolopoulou N, Sfakianakis M, Raptis AE, Ryysy L, Häkkinen AM, Goto T, Westerbacka J, Halavaara J, Libman I, Pietropaolo M, LaPorte R, Pietropaolo S, Becker D, Pirie FJ, York DF, Motala AA, Omar MA, Tzaneva V, Iotova V, Jaeger C, Hatziagelaki E, Stroedter A, Becker F, Bretzel RG, Strebelow M, Schlosser M, Ziegler B, Ziegler M, Wassmuth R, Ostrauskas R, Žalinkevičius R, Norkus A; Lithuanian Collaborative Group for the Epidemiology of Diabetes, Jarosz-Chobot P, Otto-Buczkowska E, Koehler B, Maklakiewicz E, Green A, Ionescu-Tirgoviste C, Serban V, Guja C, Mota M, Creteanu G, Calin A, Morosanu M, Ferariu I, Halmagy I, Cristescu I, Strugariu M, Minescu A, Barbul R, Visalli N, Sabastiani L, Adorisio E, Cassone Faldetta MR, Multari G, Casu A, Songini M, Pozzilli P; IMDIAB Study Group, Muntoni S, Wäänänen S, Law G, Muntoni S, Shubnikov E, Choubnikova J, Mikulecký M, Michalková D, Hlava P, Teuscher AU, Reinli K, Teuscher A, Zhao HX, Stenhouse E, Moyeed R, Demaine AG, Millward BA, Feltbower RG, Holland P, Campbell F, Fear NT, Wasmuth HE, Elliott RB, McLachlan C, Erhardt G, Kolb H, Guaita G, Pelligra I, Motzo C, Obinu M, Cossu E, Cirillo R, Kinalski M, Krętowski A, Bingley P, Kinalska I, Douek IF, Bingley PJ, Gale EA, Imagawa A, Hanafusa T, Miyagawa J, Matsuzawa Y; Osaka IDDM Study Group, Todd JA, Welsh K, Marshall S, Nolsøe R, Kristiansen OP, Larsen Z, Johannesen J, Jahromi MM, Larsen ZM, Kyvik KO, Jeanclos E, Schork NJ, Aviv A, Sieradzki J, Małecki MT, Klupa T, Hanna L, Sieradzka J, Frey J, Królewski AS, Calvo B, Bilbao JR, Perez de Nanclares G, Castaño L, Santos JL, Pérez-Bravo F, Piquer S, Puig-Domingo M, Carrasco E, Calvillán M, De Leiva A, Albala C, Cavallo MG, Manca Bitti ML, Suraci C, Crinò A, Giordano C, Cervoni M, Sbriglia MS, Bizzarri C, Marietti G, Füchtenbusch M, Bonifacio E, Kredel K, Schnell O, Ziegler AG, Assaad-Khalil SH, Michelsen BK, El-Azzouni O, Abou-Seif M, Kamel F, Fouad K, Abdel-Aty T, El-Sheikh S, Zamani M, Pociot H, Nerup J, Cassiman JJ, Olivares E, Ladrière L, Laghmich A, Sener A, Scott FW, Ivanova O, Poltorack V; Pramlintide Type 1 Study Group; Pramlintide Type 2 Study Group, Gorbenko N, Gladkich A, Nikitchenko I, Dunger A, Augstein P, Berg S, Williams AJ, Norcross AJ, Gillmor HA, Lampasona V, Bernasconi L, Hermite L, Martin-Moutot N, Boucraut J, Seagar M, Couraud F, Scirpoli M, Maioli M, Tonolo G, Bekris L, Schranz D, Ciccarese M, Lernmark A, Lee HC, Nam JH, Ahn CW, Song YD, Lim SK, Kim KR, Huh KB, Fajardo C, Carmona E, Sanchez-Cuenca JM, Campos V, Carles C, Brazales A, Merino F, Piñón F, Mašek Z, Perušičová J, Bárová H, Šterzl I, Hejduková H, Schneiderka P, Hink S, Muzyka B, Streit G, Kopp HP, Kroiss A, Tankova T, Dakovska L, Kirilov G, Koev D, Abrams P, De Block C, Rooman R, Du Caju M, Eibl NL, Wolf H, Eibl MM, Di Cesare E, Previti M, Lombardo F, Di Benedetto A, Romano G, De Luca F, Cucinotta D, Brunelle RL, Huang J, Fineberg SE, Anderson JH, List C, Lamesch P, Kohlhaw K, Schwarz C, Wenzke M, Richter O, Hauss J, Zeng SF, Xu XS, Zheng SX, Shii K, Baba S, Bonfanti R, Bazzigaluppi E, Meschi F, Bognetti E, Bosi E, Chiumello G, Cinapri V, Quilici S, Forotti G, Giampietro O, Matteucci E, Luppi P, Zanone MM, Rudert W, Haluszczak C, Alexander A, Bertera S, Gottlieb P, Trucco M, Irnstetter A, Jäger G, Schenker M, Ziegler MA, Myśliwiec J, Szelachowska M, Monetini L, Valente L, Coppolino G, Stefanini L, Corbi S, Spera S, Matteoli MC, Ferrazzoli F, Cantagallo A, De Mattia GC, Walker B, Sonnet E, Gibassier J, Derrien C, Massart C, Allannic H, Maugendre D, Leech NJ, Elsegood KA, Narendran P, Hubbard A, Dayan CM, Mianowska B, Bodalska-Lipińska J, Chrul S, Wyka K, Geissler A, Schneider ML, Bochow B, Koop I, Zhang TM, Zhang Y, Han CH, Jin SX, Dervogormiyacıyan H, Araslı M, Aydemir D, Yıllar G, Deniz G, Gürol AO, Aktaş E, Tütüncü Y, Pertyñska MP, Banasik M, Zeman K, Cypryk K, Wilczyñski J, Tchórzewski H, Müser ES, Baier JE, Bergbauer M, Schmutz G, Figge A, Reiser M, Schmiegel W, Burkart V, Kim YE, Kauer M, Utsugi T, Kanda T, Kobayashi I, Uchiyama T, Ito H, Ohyama Y, Tomono S, Kawazu S, Nagai R, Hehmke B, Heinke P, Kelemen K, Wegmann D, Hutton JC, Wachlin G, Schröder D, Schmidt S, Schloot NC, Hanifi-Moghaddam P, Goebel C, Rothe H, Hausmann A, Laureys J, Depovere J, Waer M, Karsten V, Tritschler S, Belcourt A, Pinget M, Kessler L, Gregori S, Sala L, Smiroldo S, Davalli A, Adorini L, Bo S, Repetti E, Gentile L, Fornengo P, Bruno A, Ferrero L, Kanoun F, Harzallah F, Ftouhi B, Mekaouar A, Bellaaj R, Fekih M, Mebazaa A, Zouari B, Ben Khalifa F; Turkish Diabetes Epidemiology Group, Spijkerman AM, Ruige JB, Colagiuri S, Colagiuri R, Palu T, Na'ati E, Muimui-Heata S, Samiu O, deBlieck C, Ta'ai A, Foliaki S, Hussain Z, McLennan M, Hansen CN, Ibsen H, Dogadin SA, Nozdratchev KG, Lidfeldt J, Nerbrand C, Lindholm LH, Samsioe G, Scherstén B, Agardh CD, Wójcikowski C, Grzeszczak W, Łopatyński J, Bandurska-Stankiewicz E; Screen-Pol Study Group, Mardarowicz G, Król H, Matej A, Czupryniak L, Kropiwnicka A, Drzewoski J, Viljoen E, Costa A, Martinez S, Carmona F, Levy I, Baruffaldi L, Solerte B, Mantovani E, Boullu S, Jeandidier N, Legaludec V, Costa B, Franch J, Martín F, Morató J, Donado A, Basora J, Daniel J; IGT Research Group, Sayeed MA, Mahtab H, Kibriya MG, Khanam PA, Azad Khan AK, de Courten M, Chitson P, Cox H; Mauritian NCD group, King R, Dachtler J, Johnston D, Ito C, Kataoka M, Lakhdar AA, Myers MA, Fuecker K, Echwald SM, Hansen T, Ekstrøm CT, Urhammer SA, Eiberg H, Roberts S, Barrow BA, Hainsworth J, Schousboe K, Henriksenog JE, Sørensen TI, Herlihy OM, Timmer B, Grant PJ, Bennett SM, Ghunaim SA, Stewart MW, Baroni MG, Sentinelli F, Lovari S, Vitali M, Capici F, Barbetti F, Weng JP, Lehto M, Li H, Forsblom C, Groop L, Blanche H, Morel V, Hansen L, Stanojevic V, Petersen HV, Urioste S, Stoffers D, Møller AM, Serup P, Ek J, Durviaux S, Clausen JO, Rousseau GG, Lemaigre FP, Bjørkhaug L, Njølstad PR, Lindner T, Cockburn BN, Molven A, Søvik O, Lindner TH, Horikawa Y, Sovik O, Frederiksen SK, Almind K, Van Obberghen E, Kovács P, van den Brandt J, Fenger M, Vaag A, Haist K, Weisser M, Rettig A, Zhang M, Chung SS, Pihlajamäki J, Karjalainen L, Karhapää P, Vauhkonen I, Cassell P, Uwakwe N, Kopelman P, Ramachandran A, Snehalatha C, Rasmussen SK, Lautier C, Grigorescu F, Smith RJ, Frayling T, Turner R, Hitman G, Subba Rao P, Bennett AJ, Jones E, Lathrop GM, Menzel S, Wahid F, Cooper L, Scott J, Aitman TJ, Galli J, Fakhrai-Rad H, Kamel A, Marcus C, Norgren S, Luthman H, Wallis RH, Collins SC, Kaisaki PJ, Ktorza A, Lathrop M, Gauguier D, Huxtable S, McCarthy M, Shimomura H, Hanabusa T, Tsunoda K, Lazdins M, Dalgaard LT, Jensen NM, Jensen JN, Lynn S, Turnbull DM, Pérez de Nanclares G, Gaztambide S, Vázquez JA, Groves CJ, Izmajlowicz ML, Horton VA, Owen RJ, Stratton IR, Green FR, Groves C, Horton V, Owen R, Stratton I, Clark LA, Voigt A, Rochlitz H, Rau H, Braun J, Schmidt K, Plock K, Donner H, Schöneberger A, Usadel KH, Badenhoop K, Bendlová B, Mazura I, Včelák J, Vondra K, Palyzová D, Svatoš J, Mikšová P, Russo G, Couture P, Wilson PW, Cupples LA, Otvos JD, Schaefer EJ, Ordovas JM, Malecki MT, Ji L, Curtis S, Rich SS, Warram JH, Krolewski AS, Gudayol M, Usac EF, van Essen EH, Roep BO, 't Hart LM, Janssen JJ, van den Ouweland JM, Lemkes HH, Maassen AJ, Nakano S, Fukuda M, Maejima K, Imaizumi N, Kitazawa M, Nishizawa M, Kigoshi T, Uchida K, Le Gall JY, David V, Baltrusch S, Richter T, da Silva Xavier G, Dickens M, Belin VD, Green IC, Burns CJ, Squires PE, Howell SL, Persaud SJ, Ban N, Yamada Y, Someya Y, Ihara Y, Tsuda K, Seino Y, Alcazar O, Tyrberg B, Carlsson C, Andersson A, Mukai E, Ishida H, Fujimoto S, Kajikawa M, Fujita J, Tsuura Y, Malaisse-Lagae F, Picton S, Tamarit-Rodriguez J, Mukala-Nsengu-Tshibangu A, Fernández S, Giné E, Ortsäter H, Liss P, Åkerman KE, Bergsten P, Hu S, Wang S, Roos ES, Gounarides JS, Shapiro MJ, de Souza CJ, Papas KK, Nishimura M, Kadiata MM, Louchami K, Jijakli H, Rajan AS, Kuang S, Iyer D, Waddell ID, Holloway BR, Ishihara H, Wang H, Wollheim CB, Ayvaz G, Mercan D, Rasschaert J, Giroix MH, Scruel O, Portha B, Broca C, Fernandez-Alvarez J, Manteghetti M, Gross R, Sauvaire Y, Petit P, Ribes G, McClenaghan NH, Ball AJ, Flatt PR, Rustenbeck I, Dickel C, Winkler M, Grimmsmann T, Meyer U, Gross I, Barnes PD, O'Brien RE, Abdel-Wahab YH, Hashmi MN, Giesberts AN, White SJ, Cooper EJ, Hudson AL, Eglen RM, Dillon MP, Chan SL, Morgan NG, Parini A, Gotfredsen C, Ullrich S, Su J, Rösier M, Hescheler J, Greger R, Wardt R, Arredouani A, Gailly P, Henquin JC, Gilon P, Macfarlane WN, Docherty K, Jonkers FC, Schöfl C, Börger J, von Zur Mühlen A, Brabant G, Grapengiesser E, Harris TE, Buchan AM, Jones PM, Jaikaran ET, Marcon G, St George-Hyslop PH, Fraser PE, Clark A, Lebrun P, Antoine MH, Nguyen QA, Rorsman P, Wasmeier C, Antinozzi P, Maechler P, Schwartz E, Wollheim C, Roderigo HM, Matsumoto K, Ebihara K, Yamamoto H, Tabuchi H, Fukunaga K, Yasunami M, Ohkubo H, Miyamoto E, Horn PA, García-Barrado MJ, Sancho C, Martín M, Moratinos J, Westerlund J, Lin JM, Brown R, Björklund A, Grill V, Detimary P, Guiot Y, Rahier J, Elmi A, Sehlin J, Hauge-Evans AC, Cybal M, Druzyńska J, Wierzchowska J, Krippeit-Drews P, Drews G, Krämer C, Jornot L, Düfer M, Nöda M, Yamashita S, Takahashi N, Tsubamoto Y, Kasai H, Sharp GW, Lembert N, Joos HC, Ammon HP, Wahl MA, Ainscow EK, Zhao C, Fabregat ME, Fernández-Álvarez J, Franco C, Novelli M, Fernàndez-Alvarez J, Masiello P, Lajoix A, Beffy P, Roux S, Chardès T, Roye M, Lajoix AD, Reggio H, Peraldi-Roux S, Henningsson R, Salehi A, Lundquist I, Stickings P, Mistry S, Ratcliff H, Morris SM Jr, Cunningham JM, Ekelund M, Ermakova NV, Paulssen RH, Florholmen J, Carmellini M, Mosca F, Patané G, Longo D, Squatrito S, Clement L, Magnan C, Vincent M, Penicaud L, Assimacopoulos-Jeannet F, Vigneri R, Rolfsen SE, Gregersen S, Hermansen K, Blondeau B, Rojas I, Novials A, Femández-Usac E, Cristóbal P, Higham CE, Lawrie L, Sherman KI, Birch N, Tito P, Robinson CV, de Koning EJ, Verbeek JS, Esapa C, Laube B, Powell DS, Maksoud H, Chargé SB, Matthews DR, Stratton IM, Karlsson S, Myrsén-Axcrona U, Östlund B, Sundler F, Bertrand G, Puech R, Bockaert J, Persson-Sjögren S, Täljedal IB, Mooney MH, O'Harte FP, Simonsson E, Abdel-Halim SM, Efendić S, Ahrén B, Yanagida K, Arima T, Yada T, Egéa JC, Hirtz C, Deville de Périère D, Meoni C, Falqui L, Arcelloni C, Paroni R, Folli F, Barry R, Turner NC, Tadayyon M, Arch JR, Sutti F, Perego L, Baglioni S, Otte A, Socci C, Raffaele HS, Stumpf E, Aalto Y, Otonkoski T, Knuutila S, Andersson LC, Berra C, Furlan R, Coppelli A, Tellini C, Bordignon C, Rouiller DG, Lister CA, Moore GB, Piercy V, Newman M, Chapman H, Smith SA, Anastasi E, Bulotta A, Tiberti C, Ponte E, Liddi R, Taruscio D, Falchi M, Annerén C, Welsh M, Bernard C, Ilic C, Guilbert V, Palgi J, Korbutt GS, Rayat GR, Rajotte RV, Kieffer TJ, Karlsson E, Sandler S, Boujendar S, Huotari MA, Miettinen PJ, Keski-Oja J, Breda E, Pacini G, Vilsbøll T, Toft-Nielsen MB, Dinesen B, Corssmit EP, Qvigstad E, Mostad IL, Bjerve K, Ann CW, Kume M, Hiramatsu M, Taniguchi J, Saito Y, Kawasaki Y, Kanazawa M, Notoya Y, Hayashi T, Djemli A, Gallice P, Coste T, Jannot MF, Dufayet D, Raccah D, Vague P, Sattar S, Basak RC, Hasan Z, Ali L, Nikulina MA, Karlsen AE, Hong TP, Andersen NA, Puren AJ, Fantuzzi G, Dinarello CA, Gysemans CA, Sparre T, Fey S, Larsen PM, Andersson AK, John NE, Fey SJ, Mose Larsen P, Frigerio S, Ghayur T, Holländer GA, Zumsteg U, Pinach S, Monge L, Grassi G, Pasquero P, Ruiu G, Dall'Omo A, Carta Q, Hadjivassiliou V, Dunger AM, Green MH, Rasilainen S, Roivainen M, Ylipaasto P, Bouwens L, Hovi T, Sekine N, Takahashi K, Ishikawa T, Okazaki T, Fujita T, Elliott J, Scarpello JH, Conroy S, Byrne P, Newsholme P, Harrison M, Greenl IC, Kaya F, Süsleyici B, Öztürk M, Eisner M, Guldbakke B, Karpenko N, Brizgalova G, Alesina M, Røder ME, Schwartz RS, Prigeon R, Kahn SE, Kendereški A, Micić D, Šumarac M, Macut D, Zonć S, Čolić M, Cvijović G, Gligorović P, Courtney CH, Atkinson AB, Ennis C, Sheridan B, Bell PM, Jolly M, Amin R, Godsland I, Horvoka R, Anyaoku V, Lawrence N, Krasova N, Sergienko L, Mingrone G, Plat L, Balasse EO, Zykova T, Jenssen T, Strelkova A, Zykova S, Tipisova E, Féry F, Wijenaike AN, Watt PW, Jung RT, Bolton-Smith C, Rennie MJ, Ludvik B, Aigmueller T, Waldhaeusl W, Courtois P, Bource F, Guenat E, Philippe J, Jéquier E, Tappy L, Benny S, Grönemeyer D, Aygen S, Scholz N, Busch M, Tauveron I, Rochon C, Dejax C, Benoit P, Capitan P, Bayle G, Prugnaud J, Fabricio A, Champredon C, Thieblot P, Grizard J, Nielsen MF, Nyholm B, Chandramouli V, Schumann WC, Landau BR, Rizza RA, Mitrakou A, Meyer C, Tolias A, Platanisiotis D, Vlachos L, Gerich J, Wajngot A, Sprangers F, Jellema WT, Lopuhaä CE, van Lieshout JJ, van der Zee JS, Mithieux G, Croset M, Zitoun C, Hurot JM, Rajas F, Montano S, Willem R, Verbruggen I, Grue-Sørensen G, Björkling F, Watson ND, Burns SP, Murphy HC, Iles RA, Cohen RD, Rooney K, Swan V, Phuyal J, Millar J, Bryson J, Denyer G, Caterson I, Thompson C, Gaster M, Handberg A, Schrøder HD, Alzaid A, Sobki S, Thye-Rønn P, Alford F, Christopher M, Gras F, Brunmair B, Neschen S, Py G, Lambert K, Raynaud E, Mercier J, Tsuchihashi K, Sumida Y, Fujimoto H, Nakamura M, Miyata E, Furuta M, Katsuki A, Ito K, Sasaki R, Hori Y, Yano Y, Adachi Y, Lauritz J, Eriksson JW, Burén J, Zhao LJ, Li ZC, Kullin M, Karlsson FA, Redondo A, Puente J, Clemente F, González N, Moberg E, Amer P, Hagström-Toft E, Bolinder J, Björnholm M, Krook A, Galuska D, Myers M Jr, Zierath JR, Wallberg-Henriksson H, Niklasson M, Strindberg L, Sternberg F, Hebeda S, Kratzer W, Salgado MI, Hoss U, Kalatz B, Lohmann S, Fussgänger R, Khomazjuk AI, Ncscheret AP, Gonchar IV, Quinones-Galvan A, Sironi AM, Cominacini L, Nagai Y, Yamashita H, Takamura T, Kobayashi K, Szanto I, Peth JA, Kinnick TR, Youngblood EB, Tritschler HJ, Henriksen EJ, Gašperíková D, Rufo C, Teran-Garcia M, Nakamura MT, Clarke SD, Pye S, Zhang Z, Radziuk J, Guignot L, Bell KS, Lim-Fraser M, Cooney G, Kraegen EW, Takayama S, Legare DJ, Macedo MP, Lautt WW, Bradley B, Barron P, Davies J, Ader M, Richey JM, Ait El Mkadem S, Macari F, Renard E, Méchaly I, Brun JF, Cros G, Bringer J, Del Aguila LF, Krishnan RK, Farrell PA, Ulbrecht J, Correll PH, Kirwan JP, Mei J, Rahn-Landström T, Brindley D, Manganiello V, Degerman E, Ziv E, Shafrir E, Kaiman R, Galer S, Bar-On H, Gerő L, Földes K, Janssen J, Járay J, Perner F, Haap M, Houdali B, Schmit MB, Dietze GJ, Perrini S, Natalicchio A, Montrone C, de Robertis O, De Pergola G, Strack V, Kellerer M, Kausch C, Condorelli G, Beguinot F, Häring HU, Song XM, Chibalin AV, Ryder JW, Jiang XJ, Alessi DR, Hennige AM, Metzinger E, Seipke G, Trüb T, Hey A, Sørensen AR, Schäffer L, Drejer K, Kurtzhals P, Hansen BF, Matozaki T, Noguchi T, Yamao T, Takada T, Ochi F, Takeda H, Inagaki K, Hosoka T, Kasuga M, Schürt M, Meier M, Drenckhan M, Meyer M, Aries SP, Klein HH, Telting D, van der Zon GC, Dorrestijn J, Maassen JA, Clapham JC, Holder JC, Tomlinson KM, Pickavance L, Buckingham R, Wilding J, Jacinto SM, Harrold J, Ljung B, Kjellstedt A, Thalén P, Widdowson P, Williams G, Oakes N, Aoki K, Saito T, Satoh S, Mukasa K, Kaneshiro M, Kawasaki S, Hoshino K, Okamura A, Sekihara H, Smith U, Johansson A, Nilsson E, Olausson T, Nakazawa T, Suzuki M, Martinez J, Murado P, Azal Ö, Yönem A, Çakır B, Polat Z, Kutlu M, Çorakçı A, Bayraktar M, Gürlek A, Koray Z, Damian MS, Linn T, Laube H, Arzner S, Meißner HP, Giunti S, Comune M, Cassader M, Conte MR, Sacchi C, Musso G, Mecca F, Depetris N, Gambino R, Perin PC, Kawakami S, Sandqvist M, Jansson PA, Šindelka G, Widimský J, Haas T, Prázný M, Mari A, Nolan JJ, Uusitupa MI, Karşıdağ K, Hacıhanefioğlu B, Dinççağ N, Drivsholm T, Palacios RT, Vølund A, Pedersen OB, Letiexhe MR, Scheen AJ, Quiñones Galvan A, Simeoni M, Basu A, Uosukainen A, Mäkimattila S, Schlenzka A, Adler AI, Levy J, Stevens R, Matthews D, Holman R, Boland BJ, Jeanjean M, Hermans MP, Maudoigt C, Tonglet R, Robert A, Quiñones-Galvan A, Cini G, Galetta F, Sanna G, Gernone F, Janssen MJ, Gonera RK, Wolffenbuttel BH, de Leeuw PW, Schaper NC, Molęda P, Kuczerowski R, Czech A, Tatoń J, Taddei S, Patiag D, Qu X, Wilkes M, Gray S, Seale JP, Donnelly R, Campión J, Maestro B, Dávila N, Carranza MC, Calle C, Hales CN, Fernández-Real JM, Grasa M, Pugeat M, Barret C, Ricart W, Lindmark S, Olsson T, Tufvesson M, Loeblein K, Mehnert B, Haering HU, Rave K, Heise T, Clauson P, Hirschberger S, Heinemann L, Claret M, Nadal B, Truc A, Rossi L, Hildebrand P, Ketterer S, Beglinger C, Keller U, Gyr K, Parvin S, Overkamp D, Vayreda M, González-Huix F, G-Huix F, Zavaroni I, Gasparini P, Massironi P, Zuccarelli A, Delsignore R, Reaven GM, Sheu WH, Lee WJ, Chen YT, Iraklianou S, Tournis S, Volonakis I, Spylopoulou M, Bilianou E, Melidonis A, Foussas S, Güler S, Çakir B, Demi Rbaş B, Gürsoy G, Serter R, Aral Y, Morton G, Lee S, Fahey R, de Silva A, Cai XJ, Buckingham RE, Arch JR, Wilson S, Clausen JT, Kristensen P, Nielsen PF, Wulff BS, Thim L, Holness MJ, Sugden MC, Fryer LG, Munns MJ, Mannucci E, Ognibene A, Cremasco F, Bardini G, Mencucci A, Ciani S, Pierazzuoli E, Tsuchihashil K, Rigalleau V, Delafaye C, Baillet L, Vergnot V, Brunou P, Gatta B, Gin H, Felber JP, Munger R, Assimacopoulos F, Bobbioni E, Golay A, Wilken M, Larsen FS, Buckley D, Molina LM, Marquez L, Arbeo A, Hernandez C, Kofod H, Damholt AB, Buchan A, Márquez L, Luque MA, Sarti L, Sutton PJ, Behle K, Heimesaat MM, Hüfner M, Gravholt CH, Mølier N, Christiansen JS, Schmitz O, Deacon CF, Brock B, Knudsen LB, Agersø H, Huusfeldt PO, Kelly CM, Brunn C, Schioos J, Sewing S, Lemansky P, Wawro S, Mest HJ, Taguchi T, Motoshima H, Yoshizato K, Guenifi A, Henriksson M, Johansson J, Shafqat J, Tally M, Wahren J, Jömvall H, Ekberg K, Rigler R, Pramanik A, Kratz G, Johansson BL, Uhlén M, Jörnvall H, Forst T, Dufayet De La Tour D, Kunt T, Pfützner A, Goitom K, Pohlmann T, Schneider S, Johansson BL, Löbig M, Engelbach M, Beyer J, Ekman B, Nyström F, Arnqvist HJ, Halvatsiotis PG, Meek S, Bigelow M, Nair KS, Maghsoudi S, Fisker S, Vølund AA, Jörgensen JO, Christiansen JS, Hilsted J, Mazerkina NA, Tiulpakov AN, Gorelyshev SK, Peterkova VA, Macut DJ, Dieguez C, Casanueva FF, Catalina PF, Mallo F, Andrade A, García-Mayor RV, Popova VV, Ter Maaten JC, Popp-Snijders C, Madsen L, Ukropec J, Bergene E, Rnstan AC, Berge R, Arner P, Wahl G, Häring H, Bryson JM, Curtis SE, Caterson ID, Winzell MS, Svensson H, Ahnén B, Holm C, Phillips C, Madigan C, Owens D, Collins P, Johnson A, Tomkin GH, Cabezas MC, van Oostrom AJ, Erkelens DW, Summers LK, Fielding BA, Ilic V, Clark ML, Frayn KN, Pietzsch J, Julius U, Nitzsche S, Fischer S, Lindgren C, Amrot-Fors L, Hoffmann MM, Luft D, Schmülling RM, D'Adamo M, Leonetti F, Paoloni A, Ribaudo MC, Basso MS, Elmore U, Restuccia A, Sbraccia P, Emilsson V, O'Dowd J, Heyman R, Cawthorne MA, Pelikánová T, Kazdová L, Žák A, Chvojková Š, Özer EM, Kadıoğlu P, Korugan Ü, Hatemi H, Rivellese AA, Dullaart RP, Riemens SC, Sluiter WJ, van Tol A, Farnier M, Megnien S, Turpin G; Cerivastatin Combination Therapy Study Group, Stulp BK, Brambilla P, Brunelli A, Riva MC, Manzoni P, de Poli S, Riboni S, Stolk RP, Meijer R, Wink O, Zelissen PM, van Gils AP, Grobbee DE, Vilarrasa N, Gimenez O, Lopez L, Insa R, Fdez Castañer M, Cabrera-Rode E, Perich P, Diaz-Horta O, Molina G, Fernández Castañer M, López L, Jiménez O, Boltaña A, Ampudia-Blasco FJ, Martínez I, Civera M, Ascaso JF, Carmena R, Ahmed K, Luzio S, Furmaniak V, Owens DR, Dionadji M, Mbaissouroum M, Anderson J, Garg S, MacKenzie T, Shephard M, Peery B, Chase H, Holstein A, Thießen E, Kaufmann N, Egberts EH, Lutgers HL, Hullegie LM, Hoogenberg K, Wientjes KJ, Schoonen AJ, Wientjes KJ, Schoonen AJ, Weitgasser R, Gappmayer B, Pichler M, Sapin R, Friess P, Eskes SA, de Vries JH, Pouwer F, van Ballegooie E, Spijker AJ, Jeng L, Winsett J, Tubiana-Rufi N, Munz-Licha G, Polak M, Sheehan J, Ulchaker M, Toeller M, Üstün A, Yilmaz MT, Aparicio M, Peyron E; EURODIAB Complications Study Group, Rizkalla SW, Taverna M, Guerre-Millo M, Chevalier A, Pacher N, Slama G, Gorshunska M, Buyken AE, Heitkamp G, Kabir M, Oppert JM, Wursch P, Bruzzo F, Rahman MH, Fatima K, Ahmed S, Mondal HN, Yilmaz M, Öztok U, Karakoç A, Çakır N, Düzgün E, Yetkin I, Arslan M, Şardaş S, Wilding J, Géloën A, Baret G, Dalmaz Y, Peyronnet J, Clémenceau B, Martignat L, Lalain S, Gouin E, Kenda-Ropson N, Miller AO, You S, Aguilera E, Recasens M, Flores L, Ricart MJ, Fernández-Cruz L, Esmatjes E, Crenier L, Noël C, Le Moine A, Mahy M, Danguy A, Kiss R, Goldman M, Bracci C, De Haan B, Nilsson K, Deschamps JY, Glagoličová A, Smrčková I, Dieterle C, Illner WD, Land W, Feldmeier H, Scheuer R, Lalli C, Di Loreto C, Ellringmann U, Balks HJ, V Zur Mühlen A, Dengler R, Weissenborn K, Rasmussen BM, Ørskov L, Watson J, Owen G, Barrett G, Ingleby J, Weiss M, Deary I, Cavan D, Kerr D, Bruneiii A, Cuce' A, Elsing HG, Kühne D, Quinn ND, Warner DP, Buysschaert M, Jamal R, O'Brien T, Latare P, Mullen J, Rein A, Wargo M, Parkes JL, Ginsberg B, Sotiropoulos A, Peppas TA, Kotsini V, Apostolou O, Bousboulas S, Michailidis E, Sawala M, Pappas S, Nilsson PM, Nilsson JÅ, Berglund G, Molins T, Esteban JI, Genescà J, Paris I, Haufroid V, Selvais P, Petit JM, Duong M, Grappin M, Guiguet M, Rudoni S, Portier H, Brun JM, Bagg W, Plank L, Drury PL, Sharpe N, Braatvedt GD, Carrascosa JM, Molero JC, Fermίn Y, Andrés A, Satrústegui J, Rietzsch H, Patzak A, Schwanebeck U, Simpson H, Robertson-Mackay F, Montegriffo E, Fox C, Chiasson JL, Josse RG, Dorman JM, Gerstein HC, Lau D, Leiter LA, Maheux P, Meneilly GS, Murphy L, Rodger NW, Ross SA, Ryan E, Yale JF, Wolever TM, Haller T, Elias I, Segal P, Standi E, Rybka J, Sencer E, Satman I, Schlcnzka A, Vakkilainen J, Tsaglis H, Ioannidis I, Giakoumaki A, Amantou A, Komitopoulos N, Georgiou S, Varsamis E, Katsilambros N, El Gayar M, Shereba N, Botros R, Fikry R, Jackson D, Balme M, Silva-Nunes J, Alves J, Bogalho P, Gardete-Correia L, Nunes-Corrêa J, Kot'átková A, Němcová D, Vrbíková J, Zamrazil V, Meyer L, Delbachian I, Lehert P, Cugnardey N, Drouin P, Guerci B, Wagner OF, Jones NP, Vallance SE, Thompson KA, Miller AK, Inglis AM, Patterson S, Jorkasky D, Freed MI, Mathisen AL, Schneider R, Rubin C, Houser V, Beebe KL, Kortboyer JM, Eckland DJ, Cranmer H, Mori Y, Kurokawa N, Komiya H, Horikoshi H, Yokoyama J, Tajima N, Ikeda Y, Bakst A, Hemyari P, Lönnqvist F, Owen S, Vikramadithyan RK, Chakrabarti R, Misra P, Prem Kumar M, Sunil Kumar KB, Ghosh A, Rajagopalan R, Goldstein B, Katoh S, Tsuruoka N, Hata S, Matsushima M, Ikemoto S, Inoue Y, Edwards G, Fonseca V, Biswas N, Bakris G, Viberti G, Rebuck AS, Weill S, Abel MG, Klappoth W, Brodesser A, Linkeschowa R, Pushparaj P, Tan CH, Tan BK, Bahner A, Parker J, Waite G, Lipson V, Nahar N, Rokeya B, Parveen S, Nur-E-Alam M, Mosihuzzaman M, Hansen AK, Lepore M, Kurzhals R, Pampanelli S, Fanelli CG, Bolli GB, Ratner RE, Hirsch IB, Mecca TE, Wilson CA, Mohideen P, Mudaliar S, Deutsch R, Ciaraldi T, Armstrong D, Kim B, Morrill B, Sha X, Henry R, Meyer BH, Scholtz HE, van Niekerk N, Rosenkranz B, Schoenle E; HOE 901/3003 study group, Witthaus E, Bradley C, Stewart J, Barbeau M, Myers S, Flora D, DiMarchi R, Chance R, Plum A, Larsen PS, Larsen UD, Kristensen JB, Jansen JA, Olsen B, Mortensen H, Hylleberg B, Jacobsen LV, Gall MA, Søgaard B, Ewing FM, Ireland RH, Hoogwerf B, Raskin P, Jovanovic L, Leiter L, Boss AH, Bott U, Ebrahim S, Hirschberger S, Leukel P, Sieber HJ, McGill J, Kilo C, Kamp NM, Wutte A, Le Thai F, Balarac N, Allicar MP, Cazeneuve B, Augendre B, Wise SD, Seah ES, Koivisto V, Torlone E, Del Sindaco P, Ciofetta M, Hedman C, Orre Pettersson AC, Lindström T, Cernigoi AM, Kong N, Kitchen MM, Ryder RE, Petkova M, Angelova-Gateva P, Malone J, Arora V, Bue-Valleskey J, Pein M, Diebler F, Roach P, Gudat U, Dreyer M, Hanusch U, Ristic S, McLeod J, Hirschberg Y, Garreffa S, Keilson L, Mather S, Gagen K, Chen W, Dragonas N, Chuang LM, Juang JH, Wu HP, Chiang YD, Li KL, Jorgensen LN, Tai TY, Cheatham WW, Kennedy F, Woo V, Jain R, Boss A, Moses R, Clauson P, Fischer T, Björk S, Østergaard A, Langendorf KW, Hatorp V, Hasslacher C, Farrar NS, Chambers NJ, Denyer GS, Johnston GA, Hashiguchi S, Jönsson A, Hallengren B, Rydberg T, Herbaut C, Turc A, Mourand I, Chevassus H, Molinier N, Christensen AL, Mathiesen ER, Stage E, Damm P, Boivin S, Gross P, Pennington M, Harder T, Kohlhoff R, Dörner G, Rohde W, Plagemann A, Ferdeghini M, Murru S, Maffei M, Cecchetti P, Dunne F, Brydon P, Smith T, Proffitt M, Holder R, Gee H, Goulis DG, Teoh TG, Asatiani N, Elphick A, Natsvlishvili M, Chanturia T, Shelestova E, Ramazashvili M, Hod M, Cederberg J, Casi AL, Pampfer S, De Hertogh R, Hinck L, Aly S, Bertie J, Botta RM, Imbergamo MP, Impiccichè MG, Todaro B, Greco D, Ekbom P, Clausen P, Feldt-Rasmussen U, Feldt-Rasmussen B, Mølsted Pedersen L, Nørgaard K, Svenningsen A, Nielsen L, Zmudzińska M, Ziętek I, Min Y, Crawford MA, Bozzoni F, Corubolo C, Borrello E, Di Biase N, Spagnolo S, Hawthorne G, Sen D, Bagust A; Northern Diabetic Pregnancy Survey, Maier W, Currie CJ, Sailesh S, Patel V, Hayes D, Cockrill B, Gatling W, Budd S, Mullee MA, Savill AW, Smithers MG, Davies RR, Sandford A, Stutz L, Vadstrup S, Simonsen V, Musaeus L, Molsing B, Lyholm B, Turner BC, Jenkins E, Hejlesen OJ, Andreassen S, Hovorka R, Cavan DA, Klinge A, Strauss KW, Guthrie R, Testa M, Zimmerman R, Sandberg M, Steinfatt H, Hardenberg R, Gottsmann M, König A, Schmauß S, Hierl FX, Renders CM, Valk GD, van Eijk JT, van der Wal G, Jermendy G, Hídvégi T; Hungarian HbA1c Screening Study Group, Müller UA, Junghänel J, Köhler S, Köhler C, Schumann M, Use G, de Valk HW, Blankestijn JG, de Bruin HJ, Bottomley J, Gillam S, Holmes J, Murphy M; TARDIS Steering Committee and UK centres, Madani SF, Müller R, Hunger Dathe W, Grüßer M, Roien D, Hussain M, Vibe-Petersen J, Braun A, Schiel R, Höfer A, Leppert K, Trento M, Passera P, Tomalino M, Bajardi M, Vaccari P, Pagnozzi F, Pomero F, Molinatti GM, Porta M, Blaauwwiekel EE, Hania M, Scholten-Jaegers SM, Links TP, Perciun R, Dumitrescu C, Skeie S, Thue G, Sandberg S, Nordfeldt S, Ludvigsson J, García R, Suárez R, Henry JL, Kangas M, Wilson PH, Pibernik M, Szabo S, Metelko Ž, González-Clemente JM, Galdon G, De Pedro B, Fontanals L, Miñarro A, Topsever P, Azık A, Karşıdaǧ K, Dündar Y, Şengül A, Vileikyte L, Apostolou T, Tomenson B, Bundy CH, Gokal R, Gormley DA; WHO/IDF Patient Empowerment Workshop, Baksi AK, Hrachovinová T, Csémy L, Bartášková D, Krch FD, Gåfvels MC, Lithner F, Branchtein L, Matos MC, Gaio D, Yamashita T, Pousada JM, Duncan BB, Schmidt MI; Brazilian Gestational Diabetes Study Group, Buchanan TA, Xiang AH, Tan S, Peters RK, Trigo E, Kjos SL, Lee WP, Azen S, Ilic S, Mezic J, Pettitt DJ, Bastyr EJ, Camps I, Salcedo MD, Rius F, Rubio M, Baptista C, Martins T, Ruas MM, Acosta D, Cerrillos L, Soto A, Quijada D, Morales F, Silva H, García-Hernandez N, Villamil F, Astorga R, Selby PL, Jude EB, Biggs AM, Al-Sabbagh S, Kumar S, Rowbotham J, McKenzie WE, Dodson PM, Barnett AH, Maresh M, Alevizaki M, Anastasiou E, Grigorakis SI, Philippou G, Michalopoulou G, Souvatzoglou A, Corcoy R, Pau E, Pascual E, García-Patterson A, Albareda ML, Ccrmeño J, Altirriba O, Adelantado JM, Ubeda J, Endocrinologia S, Reichelt AJ, Nucci L, Teixeira MM, Costa-E-Forti A, Ciampalini P, Giannone G, Benedetti S, Borrelli P, Czerniawska M, Manowska B, Rami B, Schober E, Hueppe A, Granditsch G, Huber W, Bittmann B, Jaeger A, Saukkonen T, Väisänen S, Savilahti E; Childhood Diabetes in Finland Study Group, Šumník Z, Kotalová R, Loudová M, Cinek O, Šnajderová M, Kolousková S, Vavřinec J, Barbato M, Viola T, Formisano M, Hovind P, Adler IA; UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group, Makita Z, Takeuchi M, Kamada Y, Koike T, Courrèges JP, Pradier P, Bacha J, Aboud E, André L, Lamarca R; Service of internal medecine - diabetologia - vascular diseases, Janeczko-Sosnowska E, Lewandowski Z, Janeczko D, Kopczyñski J, Nakagami T, Tomonaga O, Babazono T, Iwamoto Y, Nakanishi K, Higa M, Kosugi E, Elving LD, Szadkowska A, Mirecka MW, Czerniawska E, Weekers L, Hadjadj S, Belloum R, Gallois Y, Bouhanick B, Marre M, Saucha W, Skwarna B, Zychma M, Żukowska-Szczechowska E, Zychma MJ, Zukowska-Szczechowska E, Nazim J, Dziatkowiak H, Sanak M, Cieślik G, Nannipieri M, Viberti GC, De Cosmo S, Piras G, Errannini E, Uchigata Y, Miura J, Okada T, Gong JS, Zhang J, Tanaka M, Wamoto Y, Zucaro L, Bacci S, Miscio G, Thomas M, Piras GP, Cavallo Perin P, Mauer M, Barzon I, Bortoloso E, Saller A, Crepaldi G, Latif ZA, Christensen PK, V Larsen S, Olsen S, Bombonato G, Sacerdoti D, Chiesura-Corona M, Marangon A, Rudberg S, Rasmussen L, Bangstad HJ, Ösrterby R, Sivous GI, Kasatkina EP, Demurov LM, Nosikov VV, Kotova AK, Kuraeva TL, Mishina II, Gorashko NM, Nosicov VV, Petercova VA, Berrut G, Alhenc-Gelas F, Tsimaratos M, Gerbi A, Barone R, Ollerton RL, Playle RA, Luzio SD, Evans WD, Burch A, Siebenhofer A, Meinitzer A, Brandmaier H, Brunner G, Plank J, West P, Tindall H, McKenna K, Smith D, Tormey W, Kesson CM, Thompson CJ, Penno G, Anichini R, Bandinelli S, Boldrini E, Giannarelli R, Piazza F, Pucci L, Karunakaran S, Morris RJ, Nádas J, Farkas K, Daróczy A, Péterfai É, Svensson M, Weigert C, Facchin S, Gambaro G, Brodbeck K, Schleicher E, Tada H, Nomura K, Kuboki K, Tsukamoto M, Inokuchi T, Menè P, Pugliese F, Iino K, Yoshinari M, Iwase M, Asano T, Sonoki K, Wakisaka M, Takata Y, Ujishima M, Del Prete D, Anglani F, Antonucci F, Mauri JM, Vallés M, Gutiérrez C, Vendrell J, Shinada M, Akdeniz A, Panagiotopoulos P, Bach LA, Law VA, Lecomte PP, Yokota C, Okuda Y, Odawara M, Yamashita K, Yamada N, Kawai K, Açbay Ö, Mazlum A, Kural E, Gündoğdu S, Jensen C, Körner A, Eklöf AC, Jaremko G, Lal M, DiBona G, Aperia A, Yavuz DG, Tuncer M, Sargon M, Küçükkaya B, Ahıskalı R, Akalın S, Nohara E, Oates PJ, Ellery CA, Yonem A, Azal O, Cakýr B, Erdogan MF, Corakcý A, Ozdemir IC, Stevens RJ, Yudkin JS, Webber J, Wheeler DC, Taylor KG, Jones SL, Srivatsa A, Anderson SG, Cruikshank JK, Florkowski CM, Scott RS, Graham PJ, Moir CL, Flores C, Ruggenenti P, Dodesini AR, Vasile B, Gaspari F, Arnoldi F, Ferrari S, Ciocca I, Spalluzzi A, Remuzzi G, Delvigne C, Ballaux D, Bosman DR, Winkler AS, Marsden J, Watkins PJ, Strutton D, Erbey JR, Jacobsen P, Rossing K, Jensen JS, Mansfield MW, Kowalska I, Telejko B, Bachórzewska-Gajewska A, Prokop J, Kochman W, Musiał W, Naskręt D, Oleksa R, Zozulińska D, Sowiński J, Wierusz-Wysocka B, Klamann A, Jonas M, Müller-Lung U, Heuser L, Launhardt V, Valensi P, Pariès J, Torremocha F, Brulport V, Sachs RN, Vanzetto G, Levy M, Lormeau B, Halimi S, Perfornis A, Boumal D, Zimmermann C, Bernard Y, Sabbah A, Meneveau N, Gautier S, Bassand JP, Anděl M, Kraml P, Potočková J, Dvořáková H, Trešlová L, Nuttall SL, Martin U, Kendall MJ, Schiaffini R, Pantaleo A, Battocletti T, Vaccari V, Brufani C, Martuscelli E, Gargiulo P, Nieszner E, Posa I, Kocsis E, Préda I, Pogatsa G, Koltai MZ, Stefanidis A, Manoussakis S, Handanis S, Zairis M, Vitalis D, Dadiotis L, Fiorina P, La Rocca E, Astorri E, Rossetti C, Lucignani G, Giudici D, Castoldi R, Mazarakis N, Giagiakou E, Karavidas A, Agellou A, Karamani O, Matsakas E, Caviezel F, Morricone L, Ranucci M, Denti S, Cazzaniga A, Enrini R, Isgrò G, González de Molina FJ, Sala J, Masià R, Marrugat J, Kruszewski P, Wolnik B, Bieniaszewski L, Świerblewska E, Semetkowska-Jurkiewicz E, Krupa-Wojciechowska B, Vasilikos PG, Alaveras AE, Anastasopoulos NG, Chala E, Sidira M, Christakopoulos PD, Poulsen PL, Hansen KW, Ebbehøj E, Knudsen ST, Mogensen CE, Ramu Y, Vidyullatha Y, Strojek K, Gorska J, Morawin E, Ritz E, Ciavarella A, Malini PL, Strocchi E, Fiumi N, Ambrosioni E, Idzior-Waluś B, Stevens L, McEneny J, O'Kane MJ, Moles KW, McMaster C, Young IS, Leonhardt W, Konstadelou E, Gürlek A, Soedamah-Muthu S, Taskinen MR, Ehnholm C, Wägner A, Bayen L, Rigla M, Ortega E, Caixàs A, Mestrón A, Ordóñez J, Pérez A, Sotiropoulou G, Servais PL, Bertolotto A, Pilo M, Suchánková G, Andratschke S, Tschöp M, Strasburger CJ, Rizzo L, Aerts P, Vinckx M, Ansquer JC, Ryan M, Buter H, Navis GJ, de Jong PE, de Zeeuw D, Carreras G, Giménez G, Pou JM, Howorka K, Gabriel M, Pumprla J, Köves A, Bhowmik NB, Haque A, Rahman A, Paleari F, Gamba P, Mauri G, Rovaris G, Giannattasio C, Piatti ML, Zincone A, Cavaletti G, Mancia G, Lan S, Arezzo J, Gerber RA, Klioze SS, Saponara C, Tartaglione T, Cercone S, Caputo S, Meloni T, Brunetti D, Di Lazzaro V, Xu G, Jiang HY, Shy ME, Sugimoto K, Zhang WX, Kuchmerovskaya T, Donchenko G, Shymansky I, Kuchmerovsky N, Pakyrbaeva L, Cameron NE, Keegan A, Cotter MA, Mirrlees D, Smale SE, Biessels GJ, Duis SE, Kamal A, Gispen WH, Carrington A, Carman S, Smiarowski H, Lavoie D, Sawicki D, Sabetta A, Litchfield J, Van Zandt M, Sredy J, Smirnova V, Strokov I, Ivanova L, Ichunina A, Nakamura J, Nakayama M, Hamada Y, Chaya S, Kato K, Kasuya Y, Mizubayashi R, Miwa K, Yasuda Y, Kamiya H, Hotta N, Bíró K, Kukorelli T, Szilágyi N, Kürthy M, Komáromy A, Mogyorosi T, Nagy K, Çakir M, Baskal N, Güllü S, Elhan AH, Erdogan G, Ziegler D, Piolot R, Neubauer J, Senesi B, Bonetti R, Napolitano A, Canepa F, Ottonello P, Schabmann A, Giménez-Pérez G, Arroyo JA, López T, Ponz E, Mauricio D, Diem P, Zanchin L, Suter SL, Lefrandt JD, Smit A, van Roon AM, Dullaart R, Voita D, Mackevics V, Vitols A, Lengyel C, Farkas G, Török T, Légrády P, Várkonyi TT, Kardos A, Gingl Z, Kempler P, Rudas L, Lonovics J, Marchand M, Stevens LK, Tarnás G; EURODIAB IDDM Study Group, Estrella F, Christensen NJ, Keresztes K, Barna I, Hermányi Z, Vargha P, Bonnevie L, Chanudet X, Larroque P, Tutuncu NB, Deger A, Batur MK, Yildirir A, Onalan O, Aksöyek S, Kabakçι G, Erbaş T, Galicka-Latała D, Surdacki A, Gerritsen J, TenVoorde BJ, Heethaar RM, Tagawa TS, Kodama M, Yoshioka R, Yamasaki Y, Didangelos T, Athyros V, Kontopoulos A, Papageorgiou A, Karamitsos D, Lacigová S, Rušavý Z, Kárová R, Perrild H, Kay L, Jørgensen T, Bień AI, Witek P, Geraldes E, Rodrigues D, Pereira L, Doménech A, Leitão P, Anagnostopoulos D, Foster AV, Nag S, Barsoum M, Lewis G, Dunlop N, Connolly V, Bilous R, Kelly W, Chantelau E, Gede A, Sharman D, O'Halloran D, Best C, Abbas ZG, Lutale J, Gill GV, Jarvis WR, Archibald LK, Corcoran S, Mansell J, Pibworth L, Terada H, Shiba T, Utugi N, Utugi T, Blum M, Strobel J, Höffken K, Razvi FM, Kritzinger EE, Taylor K, Jones S, Illahi W, Grüβer M, Hartmann P, Hoffstadt K, van Leiden HA, Moll AC, Polak BC, Pietragalla GB, Maurino M, Montanaro M, Karadeniz Ş, Tommasini P, Quadrini C, Demiraj V, Rispoli E, Ota A, Takama H, Saito N, Hemández C, Lepore D, Antico L, Giardina B, Franconi F, Michoud E, Chamot S, Riva C, Hammes HP, Renner O, Breier G, Lin J, Alt A, Betzholtz C, Bretzel RG 3rd, Manti R, Gallo M, Molinar Hin A, Brignardello E, Boccuzzi G, Li S, Xiang K, Zhang R, Shangguan X, Wu J, Donnan PT, Broomhall J, Hunter K, Morris AD; DARTS/MEMO Collaboration, Ioannidis G, Peppa M, Rontogianni E, Kallifronas M, Lekatsas I, Chrysanthopoulou G, Anthopoulos L, Kesse M, Thalassinos N, Neves C, Medina JL, Lopes F, Yılmaz M, Güvener N, Güvener M, Kocagöz T, Böke E, Paşaoglu I, Bascil Tutuncu N, Oto A, Karvonen MK, Koulu M, Pesonen U, Mercuri M, Rauramaa R; Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications (EDC) Study, Rutter MK, Kestevan P, McComb JM, Marshall SM, Sobieska M, Wiktorowicz K, Kanters SD, Banga JD, Algra A, Frijns CJ, Beutler JJ, Fijnheer R, Nicoloff G, Baydanoff S, Stanimirova N, Petrova C, Lario S, Campistol JM, Cases A, Clària J, Iñigo P, Esmatjcs E, Sármán B, Tóth M, Kocsis I, Somogyi A, Bumbure A, Jachimowicz K, Samson J, Tomasiak M, Sobol A, Stańczyk L, Watala C, Stradina P, Wiśniewska-Jarosińska M, Marciniak D, Więcławska B, Watała C, Golański J, Zinnat R, Mahmud I, Büyükasik Y, Demiroğlu H, Szczepanik A, Skowroński M, Murawska A, Meeking DR, Allard S, Munday J, Chowienczyk P, Shaw KM, Cummings MH, Šimková R, Jirsa M, Hadoke PW, McIntyre CA, Jones GC, Williams BC, Elliott AI, McKnight JA, Pernow J, Bombonato GC, Finucci GF, Zotta L, Senses V, Ozyazgan S, Ince E, Tunçdemir M, Oztürk M, Sultuybek G, Akkan AG, Özyazgan S, Unlücerci Y, Bekpınar S, Meyer MF, Lee BC, Shore AC, Humphreys JM, Tooke JE, Dell'Omo G, Giovannitti G, Caricato F, Mariani M, Pedrinelli R, Kiviet-Boehm C, Schwelling V, Matthäei S, Pfohl M, McInerney D, Itoh H, Ohno T, Katoh N, Baumgartner-Parzer S, Artwohl M, Graier W, Ludwig C, Tachi Y, Bannai C, Shinohara M, Shimpuku H, Ohura K, Bertacca A, Sasvári M, Szaleczki E, Pusztai P, Boes U, Klaus E, Dittrich P, Wagner Z, Wittmann I, Pótó L, Wagner L, Mazák I, Nagy J, Feletto F, Taboga C, Tonutti L, Lizzio S, Russo A, Selmo V, Ceriello A, Lekakis J, Papamichael CM, Stamatelopoulos K, Stamatelopoulos S, Yillar DO, Gay M, Lillaz E, Passaro A, Vanini A, Calzoni F, D'Elia K, Carantoni M, Zuliani G, Fellin R, Solini A, Chwatko G, Bald E, Dramais AS, Wallemacq PE, Vandeleene B, Ciaria MV, Ariano M, Strom R, Gibney J, Weiss U, Turner B, O'Gorman P, Watts G, Powrie J, Crook M, Shaw K, Cummings M. 35th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes : Brussels, Belgium, 28 September-2 October 1999. 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