IDH1 mutant glioma

see IDH1 mutation

IDH1 mutant gliomas are a type of brain tumor characterized by mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) gene. This mutation is commonly found in lower-grade gliomas (such as grade II and III) and some secondary glioblastomas. The presence of an IDH1 mutation can influence the tumor's behavior, prognosis, and response to treatment.

1. IDH1 Gene and Mutation: The IDH1 gene encodes an enzyme involved in the citric acid cycle, which is crucial for cellular metabolism. Mutations in IDH1 lead to a change in the enzyme's function, resulting in the production of 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), which can contribute to tumor development.

2. Prognostic Implications: Tumors with IDH1 mutations generally have a better prognosis compared to those without the mutation. They often grow more slowly and may respond better to treatment, especially when compared to glioblastomas that lack IDH mutations.

3. Diagnostic Marker: IDH1 mutation status is an important diagnostic and prognostic marker in gliomas. Testing for this mutation is part of the diagnostic process and helps guide treatment decisions.

4. Treatment and Research: Research is ongoing to develop targeted therapies that address the metabolic changes associated with IDH1 mutations. Current treatments often include surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, tailored to the specific characteristics of the tumor and the patient.

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