A financial disclosure is a statement provided by authors or speakers declaring any financial relationships or interests that may influence their work. It is essential in scientific publishing, clinical trials, and conference presentations to maintain transparency and credibility.

• Promote transparency in research and communication
• Identify conflicts of interest (COIs)
• Allow readers to interpret results in appropriate context
• Protect the integrity of scientific evidence

• Industry grant or research sponsorship
• Paid consultancy or advisory role
• Ownership of stock or equity in related companies
• Speaker fees or honoraria
• Royalties from medical devices or patents

• Perceived or real bias in interpretation of results
• Damage to author credibility and institutional trust
• Potential academic misconduct

• “Author X has received consulting fees from Medtronic and owns equity in Renishaw.”
• “The authors declare no conflicts of interest related to this study.”