Dystonia surgery

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• The tongue muscles: Clinical applications in lingual dystonia
• Pallidal Deep Brain Stimulation Enhances Habitual Behavior in a Neuro-Computational Basal Ganglia Model During a Reward Reversal Learning Task
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• Rarely occurring or rarely diagnosed? Spasmodic dysphonia
• Comparison of oscillatory activity in substantia nigra pars reticulata between Parkinson's disease and dystonia
• Best practices for clinical trials of deep brain stimulation for neuropsychiatric indications
• Exploring Rates of Functional Neurosurgery Procedures in the Hispanic Population: A Single-Institution Analysis From 2017 to 2024

Generalized dystonia is a therapeutic challenge because medications are unable to control dystonia adequately in most patients. These patients may be candidates for surgical therapy. The commonly used surgical procedures in these patients are pallidotomy and deep brain stimulation. Limited studies are available on the role of pallidotomy in children with acquired/heredodegenerative generalized dystonia.

Deep brain stimulation for dystonia

Intrathecal baclofen.

Spinal cord stimulation.

Surgery, such as the denervation of selected muscles, may also provide some relief; however, the destruction of nerves in the limbs or brain is not reversible and should be considered only in the most extreme cases.