Degenerative cervical spine disease treatment

- Physical therapy: Strengthening and range-of-motion exercises. - Medications:

1. NSAIDs (for pain and inflammation)
2. Muscle relaxants (for spasm-related pain)
3. Neuropathic pain agents (gabapentinoids, TCAs)

- Lifestyle modifications:

1. Postural correction, ergonomic adjustments.
2. Avoiding prolonged neck flexion/extension.

- Cervical collar (short-term use in acute pain flares)

- Epidural steroid injections (for radicular pain)

(Indicated for severe myelopathy or refractory radiculopathy)

1. Anterior approaches:

1. Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) (most common)
2. Cervical disc replacement (motion-preserving alternative)

2. Posterior approaches:

1. Laminectomy with or without fusion (for multilevel stenosis)
2. Laminoplasty (for central canal stenosis without instability)

3. Foraminotomy (for foraminal stenosis)