Cholangiocarcinoma is a type of cancer that arises from the cells lining the bile ducts, which are the tubes that carry bile from the liver to the gallbladder and small intestine. This cancer can occur anywhere along the bile ducts, both inside and outside the liver. Cholangiocarcinoma is relatively rare compared to other types of cancer, but it can be aggressive and difficult to treat, particularly if it's not discovered until it's in an advanced stage. Risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma include chronic inflammation of the bile ducts, bile duct abnormalities, liver fluke infections, certain liver diseases such as primary sclerosing cholangitis, and exposure to certain chemicals. Symptoms may include jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), abdominal pain, itching, weight loss, and fever. Treatment options depend on the stage and location of the cancer but may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and targeted therapy. Early detection and intervention are key to improving outcomes for patients with cholangiocarcinoma.

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