Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis is incurable and difficult to treat.

If left untreated, median survival is 4-6 weeks; if treated, median survival is 2-3 months.

Minimizing surgical complications is important in this sensitive patient population.

The increasing use of novel, targeted therapies and immunotherapy in solid tumors and its impact on neoplastic meningitis remains to be determined and is an area of active research. Thus, well conducted trials are needed ¹⁾.