There are two main classification systems for BGH:
Anatomical Classification: Based on the location of the hemorrhage within the basal ganglia, it can be classified into the following types:
Caudate Hemorrhage: This type of BGH occurs in the caudate nucleus, which is located in the center of the basal ganglia. Caudate hemorrhage can cause a range of symptoms, depending on the location and size of the hemorrhage, but commonly causes contralateral hemiplegia and cognitive impairment.
Globus Pallidus Hemorrhage: This type of BGH occurs in the globus pallidus, which is located below the putamen. Globus pallidus hemorrhage can cause a range of symptoms, including hemiparesis, hemisensory loss, and abnormal eye movements.
Clinical Classification: Based on the severity and extent of bleeding, BGH can be classified into the following types: Small BGH: In this type of BGH, bleeding is limited to a small area of the basal ganglia and typically causes mild symptoms.
Moderate BGH: In this type of BGH, bleeding is more extensive and may involve multiple areas of the basal ganglia. Symptoms are usually more severe than in small BGH.
Large BGH: In this type of BGH, bleeding is extensive and involves a significant portion of the basal ganglia. Large BGH typically causes severe symptoms and can be life-threatening.
Hypertensive basal ganglia hemorrhage
Spontaneous basal ganglia hemorrhage.
Traumatic basal ganglia hematomas (TBGHs) are uncommon events in patients with closed head injuries.