1988
In 1986, Heros 1) introduced the far-lateral approach (FLA) for the management of the vertebral artery aneurysms (VA), the vertebrobasilar junction, and the proximal basilar trunk and for arteriovenous malformations of the inferolateral cerebellum.
In 1988, George et al. introduced the FLA for removal of lesions involving the anterior/anterolateral foramen magnum 2).
Wiltse and Spencer described the paraspinal approach for managing extra-foraminal discs in 1988.
Al-Mefty et al., reported in 1988 thirteen patients harboring large petroclival meningiomas, there was no mortality, and total removal was achieved in all but two patients. Morbidity included cranial nerve deficit, pulmonary embolism, and hemiparesis 3).
1)
Heros RC: Lateral suboccipital approach for vertebral and
vertebrobasilar artery lesions. J Neurosurg 64:559–562,
1986
2)
George B, Dematons C, Cophignon J: Lateral approach to
the anterior portion of the foramen magnum. Application to
surgical removal of 14 benign tumors: technical note. Surg
Neurol 29:484–490, 1988
3)
Al-Mefty O, Fox JL, Smith RR. Petrosal approach for petroclival meningiomas.
Neurosurgery. 1988 Mar;22(3):510-7. PubMed PMID: 3362317.