Degenerative spondylolisthesis

Degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS) is an acquired anterior vertebral displacement without disruption of the pars interarticularis, associated with the degenerative changes of aging, such as intervertebral disc degeneration, Ligamentum flavum hypertrophy or spinal buckling, and osteophyte proliferation 1) 2)

see Cervical degenerative spondylolisthesis.

see Thoracic degenerative spondylolisthesis.

see Lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis.

1)
Matz PG, Meagher RJ, Lamer T, Tontz WL, Jr, Annaswamy TM, Cassidy RC, et al. Guideline summary review: an evidence-based clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis. Spine J. 2016;16(3):439–448. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2015.11.055.
2)
Jacobsen S, Sonne-Holm S, Rovsing H, Monrad H, Gebuhr P. Degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis: an epidemiological perspective: the Copenhagen Osteoarthritis Study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2007;32(1):120–125. doi: 10.1097/01.brs.0000250979.12398.96.