Prognostic biomarker [Neurosurgery Wiki]

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====== Prognostic biomarker ======

A prognostic biomarker is a clinical or biological characteristic that provides information on the likely patient health outcome (e.g. disease recurrence) irrespective of the treatment.

A prognostic [[biomarker]] helps indicate how a disease may develop in an individual when a disorder is already diagnosed. The presence or absence of a prognostic marker can be useful for the selection of patients for treatment but does not directly predict the response to treatment.

===== Examples =====
[[SGSM1]] was considered to be a new [[prognostic biomarker]] for patients with [[LGG]]. And the study provided a potential [[therapeutic target]] for LGG treatment
((Li J, Wang J, Ding Y, Zhao J, Wang W. Prognostic biomarker SGSM1 and its correlation with immune infiltration in gliomas. BMC Cancer. 2022 Apr 28;22(1):466. doi: 10.1186/s12885-022-09548-7. PMID: 35484511.)).
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Plasma [[cell-free DNA]] (cfDNA) concentration is a promising prognostic biomarker for patients with [[glioblastoma]]. Plasma cfDNA can be obtained noninvasively and may enable more accurate estimates of survival and effective clinical trial stratification
((Bagley SJ, Till J, Abdalla A, Sangha HK, Yee SS, Freedman J, Black TA, Hussain J, Binder ZA, Brem S, Desai AS, O'Rourke DM, Long Q, Nabavizadeh SA, Carpenter EL. Association of plasma cell-free DNA with survival in patients with IDH-wildtype glioblastoma. Neurooncol Adv. 2021 Jan 16;3(1):vdab011. doi: 10.1093/noajnl/vdab011. PMID: 33615225; PMCID: PMC7883768.))