⚠️ Methodological Weakness
Definition: A *methodological weakness* refers to any flaw, limitation, or inconsistency in the design, conduct, or analysis of a study that undermines the validity, reliability, or generalizability of its results.
🔍 Common Types of Methodological Weaknesses
- Small sample size → low statistical power
- Lack of randomization → selection bias
- Absence of blinding → observer or performance bias
- Poor control group → invalid comparisons
- Inadequate follow-up → incomplete outcome data
- Confounding variables not controlled → false associations
- Inappropriate statistical methods → invalid conclusions
🧠 Why It Matters
Methodological weaknesses reduce the trustworthiness of a study’s findings and may lead to:
- Overestimation or underestimation of effects
- False causal claims
- Poor reproducibility
- Misleading recommendations