A scientific publication is a formal written document that presents the results of original research, clinical observations, or theoretical analysis, and is disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, conference proceedings, or other recognized academic platforms.
Typically follows the IMRaD structure (*Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion*), often including abstract, figures, tables, and references.
Based on empirical data, experimentation, or rigorous theoretical models.
Critically evaluated by subject experts before acceptance.
Assigned a DOI (Digital Object Identifier) and indexed in databases like PubMed, Scopus, or Web of Science.
Authors must adhere to ethical guidelines, disclose conflicts of interest, and ensure transparency.
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Original Research | Presents new experimental, clinical, or observational data |
| Review Article | Summarizes and synthesizes existing literature |
| Case Report / Case Series | Describes unique or instructive clinical cases |
| Meta-analysis / Systematic Review | Combines data from multiple studies using rigorous methods |
| Editorial / Commentary | Provides expert opinion or analysis on current topics |
| Letter to the Editor | Offers critique, clarification, or brief new findings |
“A scientific publication is not merely a report — it is a contribution to the collective body of knowledge, expected to withstand scrutiny, support reproducibility, and enable future discovery.”
The first recurrent publication whose major focus was in the field of neurosurgery was Travaux de Neurologie Chirurgicale, initially published by Chipault in 1896.