Pulsatile exophthalmos or pulsatile proptosis is a clinical symptom characterized by protrusion and pulsation of the eyeball that can occur due to various causes:
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (with sphenoid wing dysplasia)
Arteriovenous malformation
trauma (orbital roof fractures)
arachnoid cyst (rare)
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Paasche A, Bettoni J, Capel C, Peltier J, Dakpé S. A Case of Pulsatile Proptosis. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2019 Jul 20. pii: S2468-7855(19)30174-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jormas.2019.07.009. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 31336211.