Pineal region tumor classification

• Reclassification of pineal tumor as high-grade astrocytoma with piloid features through methylation profiling: illustrative case
• DNA methylation profiling from cerebrospinal fluid as a diagnostic tool for pineoblastoma
• Desmoplastic myxoid tumor of the pineal region, SMARCB1 mutant: illustrative case
• Determination of Optimal Treatment Plan for Papillary Tumor of the Pineal Region: Case Series With Literature Review
• SNO-EANO-EURACAN consensus on management of pineal parenchymal tumors
• Understanding and Managing Pineal Parenchymal Tumors of Intermediate Differentiation: An In-Depth Exploration from Pathology to Adjuvant Therapies
• Pineal Parenchymal Tumors of Intermediate Differentiation: A Case Report and Literature Review
• Embryonal and pineal tumours

Pineal region tumors fall into five broad categories: benign pineal region tumors, glial tumors, papillary tumors, pineal parenchymal tumors, and germ cell tumors. Genetic and transcriptional studies have identified key chromosomal alterations in germinomas (RUNDC3A, ASAH1, LPL) and in pineocytomas/pineoblastomas (DROSHA/DICER1, RB1).

see Pineal parenchymal tumors.

pineal germinoma: most common (~50% of all tumors)

Pineal embryonal carcinoma

Pineal choriocarcinoma

Endodermal sinus tumor

pineal teratoma

astrocytoma of the pineal gland

pineal region metastases

Pineal cyst inclusion cysts (dermoid / epidermoid) 4 meningioma near the pineal region other rare entities cavernoma in the pineal region vein of Galen aneurysm If invasive, a tectal plate mass may be difficult to distinguish from a pineal mass.

Pineal region solitary fibrous tumor

Pineal region tumors in children: update ¹⁾