Orbital Surgery

Orbital surgery refers to surgical procedures involving the orbit — the bony cavity in the skull that contains the eye, its muscles, nerves, vessels, fat, and surrounding connective tissues.

Orbital surgery encompasses all interventions aimed at diagnosing, accessing, treating, or reconstructing the anatomical structures within or around the orbit. It is essential in the management of tumors, trauma, inflammation, vascular anomalies, congenital malformations, and conditions such as thyroid eye disease.

• Exenteration – Removal of the eye and orbital contents.
• Orbitotomy – Surgical entry into the orbit (lateral, medial, inferior, or superior).
• Orbital decompression – Increasing orbital volume to relieve pressure (e.g., in Graves' orbitopathy).
• Fracture repair – Reconstruction of the orbital walls after trauma.
• Endoscopic approaches – Via nasal (EEA) or transorbital (ETOA) routes.