Table of Contents

miR-210

miR-210

Full name: microRNA-210 Type: Hypoxia-inducible microRNA (regulated by HIF-1α) Gene location (human): Chromosome 11p15.5 Alias: “Master hypoxamir”

Key Functions in the Nervous System

Function	Description
Hypoxia regulation	Induced by HIF-1α in low-oxygen environments. Downregulates energy-intensive processes to aid cellular survival.
Apoptosis modulation	Suppresses pro-apoptotic genes such as Caspase-8, E2F3, and ISCU1/2, reducing neuronal cell death.
Neuroprotection	Enhances recovery in models of stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) by reducing inflammation and promoting repair mechanisms.
Autophagy regulation	Activates AMPK and inhibits mTOR, facilitating autophagic flux in damaged neurons.
Mitochondrial control	Regulates mitochondrial metabolism and reduces oxidative stress by targeting iron-sulfur cluster proteins (ISCU1/2).

Role in Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH)

In murine models of ICH:

miR-210 upregulates autophagy via AMPK/mTOR pathway.
Reduces neuronal death and release of inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1β, TNF-α).
Enhances functional recovery and neurological outcomes.
Potential therapeutic target in brain hemorrhage and hypoxia-related brain injury.

References

Yao Wang et al. miR-210 Regulates Autophagy Through the AMPK/mTOR Signaling Pathway… *Neurochemical Research*, 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-025-04434-7
Chan SY, Loscalzo J. “MicroRNA-210: a unique and pleiotropic hypoxamir.” *Cell Cycle*. 2010.