Male

A male (♂) organism is the physiological sex that produces sperm. Each spermatozoon can fuse with a larger female gamete, or ovum, in the process of fertilization. A male cannot reproduce sexually without access to at least one ovum from a female, but some organisms can reproduce both sexually and asexually. Most male mammals, including male humans, have a Y chromosome, which codes for the production of larger amounts of testosterone to develop male reproductive organs.


Kamal et al. conducted a meta-analysis to address the outcomes in cancer patients after oncologic surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic. The primary endpoint was the COVID-19-related mortality rate. Higher body mass index was significantly and negatively associated with higher all-cause mortality and in-hospital COVID-19 infection rates. Male sex, preoperative respiratory disease, and smoking history were positively and significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality rates. Furthermore, male sex was positively and significantly associated with the COVID-19 infection rate 1).

1)
Kamal M, Baudo M, Shmushkevich S, Geng Y, Hanna E, Goepfert RP, Lewis CM, Rahouma M. COVID-19 infection and its consequences among surgical oncology patients: A systematic analysis, meta-analysis and meta-regression. J Surg Oncol. 2022 Jan 11. doi: 10.1002/jso.26787. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35014703.