Patients with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis face a particularly grim prognosis. Current treatment consists of intrathecal delivery of methotrexate (MTX) or cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) via ventricular access device (Ommaya reservoir) or lumbar puncture. Yet despite these interventions, the median survival after diagnosis is only 4-7 months 1).

1)
Chen TC, Napolitano GR, Adell F, Schönthal AH, Shachar Y. Development of the Metronomic Biofeedback Pump for leptomeningeal carcinomatosis: technical note. J Neurosurg. 2015 Aug;123(2):362-72. doi: 10.3171/2014.10.JNS14343. Epub 2015 May 8. PubMed PMID: 25955873.