Cotinine, the primary metabolite of nicotine, is currently regarded as the best biomarker of tobacco smoke exposure.
Results suggest that high cotinine levels in smokers with brain aneurysms are significantly associated with high rupture risk, independently of smoker status, age, and sex 1)
Has harmful effects on SCI via GFAP and CNP expression. The findings of the present study support the hypothesis that tobacco causes neuronal degeneration via cotinine 2).