anatomical_landmark

Table of Contents

🧠 Brain – Major Sulci and Gyri
🧠 Brain – Deep Structures
🧠 Brain – Ventricular System & Craniometrics
🦴 Spine – Surface & Vertebral Landmarks
🦴 Spine – Internal Neural Structures
🦴 Spine – Key Vertebrae & Foramina

🧠 Brain – Major Sulci and Gyri

🧩 Central sulcus – Separates frontal and parietal lobes.
🌀 Lateral sulcus (Sylvian fissure) – Divides temporal from other lobes.
🧠 Precentral gyrus – Primary motor cortex.
🧠 Postcentral gyrus – Primary sensory cortex.

🧠 Brain – Deep Structures

🔗 Corpus callosum – Connects both hemispheres.
🎯 Thalamus – Relay of sensory/motor input.
⚙️ Brainstem – Vital autonomic control.
🍒 Cerebellar tonsils – Chiari malformation relevance.

🧠 Brain – Ventricular System & Craniometrics

🔄 Foramen of Monro – Lateral to 3rd ventricle.
🧬 Aqueduct of Sylvius – 3rd to 4th ventricle.
📍 Bregma – Craniometric surgical landmark.

🦴 Spine – Surface & Vertebral Landmarks

📌 T4 – Nipple line.
📌 T10 – Umbilicus level.
📏 L4 – Level of iliac crest (lumbar puncture).

🦴 Spine – Internal Neural Structures

⚡ Conus medullaris – Cord ends (L1–L2).
🧵 Cauda equina – Nerve root bundle.
🛡️ Dural sac – Ends at S2.
🪢 Filum terminale – Cord anchoring.

🦴 Spine – Key Vertebrae & Foramina

🌀 C2 (Axis) – Dens for rotation.
💉 L4–L5 – Common for lumbar puncture.
🔌 Intervertebral foramen – Nerve exits.