An algorithm is a step-by-step set of rules or instructions designed to perform a specific task or solve a particular problem.

• Finite: An algorithm must complete after a finite number of steps.
• Well-defined: Each step must be clear and unambiguous.
• Deterministic (in classical algorithms): The same input always produces the same output.
• Input: Takes zero or more defined inputs.
• Output: Produces at least one result.

• Computer Science: Sorting, searching, data encryption, machine learning.
• Medicine: Diagnostic workflows, image analysis, treatment decision trees.
• Mathematics: Calculations, equation solving, number theory.
• Neuroscience: Signal processing, tractography, pattern recognition.

• Dijkstra's Algorithm: Finds the shortest path between two points in a graph.
• UKF-2T Algorithm: A tractography method for estimating complex neural fiber trajectories using Unscented Kalman Filters and two-tensor modeling.

Derived from the name of Persian mathematician al-Khwārizmī, whose works introduced decimal positional number systems and systematic problem-solving methods to the Western world.

• machine_learning
• tractography
• data_structure