1996

1995-1997

The term Malignant middle cerebral artery infarction was coined in 1996, describing a severe hemisphere syndrome with characteristic symptoms and a predictable clinical course including hemiparesis, eye, and head deviation, a progressive decline in consciousness, pupillary dilatation, and increased intracranial pressure 1).


Blake's pouch cyst was first described as an independent entity within the Dandy-Walker malformation in 1996 by Paolo Tortori-Donati et al.


In 1996, the German Registry of Pituitary Tumors was founded by the Pituitary Section of the German Society of Endocrinology as a reference center for collection and consultant pathohistological studies of pituitary tumors.


see Bouthillier classification.

Bouthillier et al. described in 1996 a seven internal carotid artery segments classification system. It remains the most widely used system for describing ICA segments.


Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor was originally described a histological variant of Wilm’s tumor in 1978.

Primary intracranial diseases were initially reported in 1987 and subsequently, defined as a distinct CNS neoplasm in 1996 and added to the World Health Organization (WHO) Brain Tumor Classification in 2000 (grade IV).


Neurosurgical Focus started 1996.

From the Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group’s (JNSPG’s) online and freely accessible journal.

Focus was implemented at a time when digital publications were just coming into existence.


Inspired by an experience with endoscopic paranasal sinus surgery, an endoscope was applied in transsphenoidal pituitary surgery. This endoscopic transsphenoidal technique was used in 45 cases of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors. Using a 4 mm rigid endoscope, the pituitary neuroendocrine tumor is removed through a nostril. A zero-degree endoscope is used for micro-adenomas. A combination of a 0-degree endoscope and a 30-degree endoscope is used for macro-adenomas that have extended to the suprasellar region. Although it is early in experience with a small number of patients, the short-term surgical results have been encouraging with patients' short hospital stay and minimum morbidity. The endoscopic technique that has evolved with Jho and Carrau experience is described with two cases of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors 2).


Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinical-radiological syndrome, characterized by reversible vasogenic edema in the posterior circulation territory . This syndrome was first described in 1996 3).

1)
Hacke W, Schwab S, Horn M, Spranger M, De Georgia M, von Kummer R. ‘Malignant’ middle cerebral artery territory infarction: clinical course and prognostic signs.Arch Neurol. 1996; 53:309–315. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1996.00550040037012
2)
Jho HD, Carrau RL. Endoscopy assisted transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary neuroendocrine tumor. Technical note. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1996;138(12):1416-25. doi: 10.1007/BF01411120. PMID: 9030348.
3)
Hinchey J, Chaves C, Appignani B, Breen J, Pao L, Wang A, Pessin MS, Lamy C, Mas JL, Caplan LR. A reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome. N Engl J Med. 1996 Feb 22;334(8):494-500. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199602223340803. PMID: 8559202.