====== World health organization grade 2 meningioma treatment ======

[[Extent of resection]] independently predicts progression-free and [[overall survival]]s in patients with [[World health organization grade 2]] meningioma. In an era of increasing support for [[adjuvant]] treatment modalities in the management of [[meningioma]]s.
Data support [[maximal safe resection]] as the primary goal in the treatment of these patients
((Soni P, Davison MA, Shao J, Momin A, Lopez D, Angelov L, Barnett GH, Lee JH, Mohammadi AM, Kshettry VR, Recinos PF. Extent of resection and survival outcomes in World Health Organization grade II meningiomas. J Neurooncol. 2020 Nov 17. doi: 10.1007/s11060-020-03632-3. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33205354.)).
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The treatment of World Health Organization (WHO) grades 2 and [[World health organization grade 3 meningioma]]s remains difficult and controversial. The pathogenesis of high-grade meningiomas was expected to be elucidated to improve treatment strategies. The molecular biology of meningiomas has been clarified in recent years. High-grade meningiomas have been linked to NF2 mutations and 22q deletion. CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion and TERT promoter mutations are independent prognostic factors for WHO grade 3 meningiomas. In addition to 22q loss, 1p, 14p, and 9q loss have been linked to high-grade meningiomas. Meningiomas enriched in copy number alterations may be biologically invasive. Furthermore, several new comprehensive classifications of meningiomas have been proposed based on these molecular biological features, including DNA methylation status. The new classifications may have implications for treatment strategies for refractory aggressive meningiomas because they provide a more accurate prognosis compared to the conventional WHO classification. Although several systemic therapies, including molecular targeted therapies, may be effective in treating refractory aggressive meningiomas, these drugs are being tested. Systemic drug therapy for meningioma is expected to be developed in the future
((Okano A, Miyawaki S, Teranishi Y, Ohara K, Hongo H, Sakai Y, Ishigami D, Nakatomi H, Saito N. Advances in Molecular Biological and Translational Studies in World Health Organization Grades 2 and 3 Meningiomas: A Literature Review. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2022 Jul 22. doi: 10.2176/jns-nmc.2022-0114. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35871574.)).
===== Radiotherapy =====

[[Radiotherapy for World health organization grade 2 meningioma treatment]].