====== United States ======

see [[Healthcare in the United States]].

===== Population =====

[[United States Population]].

===== Neurosurgical training in USA =====

see [[Neurosurgical training in USA]].
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The incidence of [[neural tube defect]]s (NTDs) is declining in several areas of the world, including the [[United States]]. While the reasons for this are unclear, there seems to be some effect from prenatal diagnosis, genetic counseling, and possibly nutritional supplementation
((Lemire RJ. Neural tube defects. JAMA. 1988 Jan 22-29;259(4):558-62. Review.
PubMed PMID: 3275817.
))
----
Approximately 89,000 new [[primary brain tumor]]s are diagnosed in the [[United States]] each year, for which 27% are [[glioma]]s and 32.8% are [[malignant glioma]]s
((Ostrom QT, Gittleman H, Fulop J, Liu M, Blanda R, Kromer C, Wolinsky Y,
Kruchko C, Barnholtz-Sloan JS. CBTRUS Statistical Report: Primary Brain and
Central Nervous System Tumors Diagnosed in the United States in 2008-2012. Neuro 
Oncol. 2015 Oct;17 Suppl 4:iv1-iv62. doi: 10.1093/neuonc/nov189. Epub 2015 Oct
27. PubMed PMID: 26511214; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4623240.
)).

===== Top-Ranked Hospitals for Neurology & Neurosurgery =====

see [[Top-Ranked Hospitals for Neurology & Neurosurgery in USA]].
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There is marked geographic variation in the rates of [[arthrodesis]] in treatment of [[spondylolisthesis]] within the [[United States]]. This variation remains pronounced after accounting for patient-level demographic differences. Costs of surgery and [[quality]] [[outcome]]s also vary widely. Further study is necessary to understand the drivers of this variation
((Azad TD, Vail D, O'Connell C, Han SS, Veeravagu A, Ratliff JK. Geographic
variation in the surgical management of lumbar spondylolisthesis: characterizing 
practice patterns and outcomes. Spine J. 2018 May 7. pii: S1529-9430(18)30207-9. 
doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2018.05.008. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 29746964.
)).

===== Medicare Reimbursement =====
[[Medicare Reimbursement]]

===== United States Hospitals =====
[[United States Hospitals]]