=====Transsphenoidal microsurgery=====

Sublabial transsphenoidal microsurgery 

Endonasal transsphenoidal microsurgery 

Transsphenoidal microsurgery is a well-established neurosurgical procedure that it was the standard of care in the management of the majority of pituitary tumors and a select group of other sellar lesions. The safety of the procedure depends on the surgeon's adherence to certain anatomic concepts. Foremost among these concepts is the necessity of preserving the integrity of the arachnoid membrane covering the tumor dome and avoiding vascular injuries in the cavernous sinus
((Ciric I, Rosenblatt S, Zhao JC. Transsphenoidal microsurgery. Neurosurgery.
2002 Jul;51(1):161-9. PubMed PMID: 12182414.
)).