====== Thermal injury ======


[[Heat]] transfer from [[bipolar forceps]] tips to adjacent [[tissue]] presents a risk of thermal [[injury]] during surgery.

Bipolar forceps that incorporate heat pipe technology limited thermal spread and reduced the extent of unintended injury to the [[spinal cord]] and collateral vessels
((Elliott-Lewis EW, Jolette J, Ramos J, Benzel EC. Thermal damage assessment of 
novel bipolar forceps in a sheep model of spinal surgery. Neurosurgery. 2010
Jul;67(1):166-71; discussion 171-2. PubMed PMID: 20568670.)).
----
Traumatic [[basilar artery aneurysm]]: possibly related to [[thermal injury]] from use of [[laser]] in performing [[ETV]]
((McLaughlin MR, Wahlig JB, Kaufmann AM, Albright AL. Traumatic Basilar Aneurysm After [[Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy]]: [[Case Report]]. Neurosurgery. 1997; 41:1400–1404)).