====== Temporal lobe glioma =======

{{rss>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/rss/search/1LGAx__djGAA9pq3yYiEr6diXlTTOix4Haf-HEFYZ78U0oO5rN/?limit=15&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&fc=20230428062504}}
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===== Temporal lobe high-grade glioma =====

see [[Temporal lobe high-grade glioma]].

===== Temporal lobe low-grade glioma =====

see [[Temporal lobe low-grade glioma]].

===== Temporal lobe tumor =====

see also [[Temporal lobe tumor]].

===== Case series =====

Thirty-four patients with [[temporal glioma]]s and available presurgical [[MRI]] from [[Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge]] were recruited. Twenty-two had [[insula]] infiltration. DTI deterministic region of interest (ROI)-based [[tractography]] was performed using commercial software. Tumor topographic imaging characteristics analyzed were as follows: location in the [[temporal lobe]] and extent of extratemporal involvement. Qualitative tractography data obtained from directional DTI color maps included type of involvement (displaced/edematous-infiltrated/destroyed) and displacement direction. Quantitative tractography data of ipsi- and contralateral IFOF included whole tract volume, fractional anisotropy, and fractional anisotropy of a 2-dimensional coronal ROI on the tract at the point of maximum tumor involvement.

The most common tract involvement pattern was edematous/infiltrative displacement. Displacement patterns depended on the main tumor location in the temporal lobe and the presence of insular involvement. All tumors showed a superior displacement pattern. In lateral tumors, displacement tendency was medial. In medial tumors, displacement tendency was lateral. When we add insular involvement, the tendency was more medial displacement. A qualitative and quantitative assessment supported these results.

IFOF displacement patterns are reproducible and suitable for temporoinsular gliomas [[preoperative planning]]
((Camins À, Naval-Baudin P, Majós C, Sierpowska J, Sanmillan JL, Cos M, Rodriguez-Fornells A, Gabarrós A. Inferior fronto-occipital fascicle displacement in temporoinsular gliomas using diffusion tensor imaging. J Neuroimaging. 2022 Mar 30. doi: 10.1111/jon.12992. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35352437.)).
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Demographic, [[neurocognitive]], and resting-state functional MRI data were collected from 17 patients with [[temporal glioma]] (10 in the right lobe and 7 in the left lobe), along with 14 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) of the contralesional [[homotopic region]] and 2 control regions was examined. The region-of-interest-based analysis was used to determine the altered functional connectivity (FC) of the contralesional homotopic region, showing significantly different intrinsic regional brain activity between patients and controls. Partial correlation analysis was conducted to determine the association between the altered neural activity and behavioral characteristics.

Compared with controls, patients with right temporal glioma exhibited significantly increased ALFF in the contralesional homotopic hippocampus and parahippocampal region. In addition, the intrinsic regional activity in these regions was negatively correlated with the visuospatial score (r = -0.718, p = 0.045). Whole-brain FC analysis revealed significantly increased FC between the left hippocampus and parahippocampal regions and the left inferior temporal gyrus, and decreased FC between the left hippocampus and parahippocampal regions and the left inferior frontal gyrus. No significant changes were found in the 2 control regions.

Contralesional homotopic regions are instrumental in the process of Neuroplasticity and functional compensation observed in patients with unilateral temporal glioma. The observed findings might be used to help preoperative evaluation or rehabilitation of postsurgical patients
((Liu D, Chen J, Hu X, Hu G, Liu Y, Yang K, Xiao C, Zou Y, Liu H. Contralesional
homotopic functional plasticity in patients with temporal glioma. J Neurosurg.
2020 Jan 10:1-9. doi: 10.3171/2019.11.JNS191982. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed
PMID: 31923896.
))
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A study was initiated to investigate the alternation in contralateral homotopic [[gray matter]] (GM) volume in patients with unilateral temporal lobe glioma and further, assess the relationship between GM volume alternations with [[cognition]]. Eight left temporal lobe glioma patients (LTPs), nine right temporal lobe glioma patients (RTPs), and 28 demographically matched healthy controls (HCs) were included. Using voxel-based morphometry method, alternations in the contralateral homotopic GM volume in patients with unilateral temporal lobe glioma was determined. Furthermore, the correlation analysis was performed to explore the relationship between [[cognitive function]] and altered GM volume. In the preoperative analysis, compared to HCs, LTPs exhibited increased GM volume in right inferior temporal gyrus and right temporal pole (superior temporal gyrus), and, RTPs presented increased GM volume in left inferior temporal gyrus. In the postoperative analysis, compared to HCs, RTPs presented increased GM volume in left middle temporal gyrus. Furthermore, the increased GM volume was significantly positively correlated with the memory test but negatively correlated with the visuospatial test. This study preliminarily confirmed that there were compensatory changes in the GM volume in the contralateral temporal lobe in unilateral temporal lobe glioma patients. Furthermore, alterations of GM volume may be a mechanism for cognitive function compensation
((Hu G, Hu X, Yang K, Liu D, Xue C, Liu Y, Xiao C, Zou Y, Liu H, Chen J.
Restructuring of contralateral gray matter volume associated with cognition in
patients with unilateral temporal lobe glioma before and after surgery. Hum Brain
Mapp. 2019 Dec 28. doi: 10.1002/hbm.24911. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID:
31883293.
)).
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In patients with [[temporal lobe]] [[glioma]], [[neurocognitive]] [[function]]ing (NCF) decline in the subacute postoperative period is common. As expected, patients with left temporal lobe glioma (LTL) show more frequent and severe decline than patients with right (RTL) temporal lobe glioma, particularly on verbally mediated measures. However, a considerable proportion of patients with RTL tumor also exhibit decline across various domains, even those typically associated with left hemisphere structures, such as verbal memory. While patients with RTL lesions may show even greater decline in visuospatial memory, this domain was not assessed. Nonetheless, neuropsychological assessment can identify acquired deficits and help facilitate early intervention in patients with temporal lobe glioma
((Noll KR, Weinberg JS, Ziu M, Benveniste RJ, Suki D, Wefel JS. Neurocognitive
Changes Associated With Surgical Resection of Left and Right Temporal Lobe
Glioma. Neurosurgery. 2015 Aug 26. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 26317672.
)).
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The purpose of this study was to describe a method of resecting temporal gliomas through a keyhole lobectomy and to share the results of using this technique. METHODS The authors performed a retrospective review of data obtained in all patients in whom the senior author performed resection of temporal gliomas between 2012 and 2015. The authors describe their technique for resecting dominant and nondominant gliomas, using both awake and asleep keyhole craniotomy techniques. RESULTS Fifty-two patients were included in the study. Twenty-six patients (50%) had not received prior surgery. Seventeen patients (33%) were diagnosed with WHO Grade II/III tumors, and 35 patients (67%) were diagnosed with a glioblastoma. Thirty tumors were left sided (58%). Thirty procedures (58%) were performed while the patient was awake. The median extent of resection was 95%, and at least 90% of the tumor was resected in 35 cases (67%). Five of 49 patients (10%) with clinical follow-up experienced permanent deficits, including 3 patients (6%) with hydrocephalus requiring placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt and 2 patients (4%) with weakness. Three patients experienced early postoperative anomia, but no patients had a new speech deficit at clinical follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The authors provide their experience using a keyhole lobectomy for resecting temporal gliomas. Their data demonstrate the feasibility of using less invasive techniques to safely and aggressively treat these tumors
((Conner AK, Burks JD, Baker CM, Smitherman AD, Pryor DP, Glenn CA, Briggs RG,
Bonney PA, Sughrue ME. Method for temporal keyhole lobectomies in resection of
low- and high-grade gliomas. J Neurosurg. 2018 May;128(5):1388-1395. doi:
10.3171/2016.12.JNS162168. Epub 2017 Jul 7. PubMed PMID: 28686118.
)).

===== References =====