====== Stroke outcome ======

Among [[stroke]] patients, [[primary]] [[intracerebral hemorrhage]] (ICH) has the highest [[mortality rate]]. 

Currently, cerebral stroke is considered to be one of the prior causes of high mortality, disability, and morbidity.

[[Stroke]] is a significant cardiovascular disease that influences the health of human beings all over the world, especially the elderly population.

Findings suggest a much larger contribution of healthcare access and quality (HAQ) to the younger mean age of stroke in low-middle income countries (LMICs), as compared with other potential factors. Additional studies on stroke care quality and accessibility are needed in LMICs
((Rahbar MH, Medrano M, Diaz-Garelli F, Gonzalez Villaman C, Saroukhani S, Kim S, Tahanan A, Franco Y, Castro-Tejada G, Diaz SA, Hessabi M, Savitz SI. Younger age of stroke in low-middle income countries is related to healthcare access and quality. Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2022 Feb 9. doi: 10.1002/acn3.51507. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35142101.)).


A bursting inflammation has been observed that compromises neurologic function in patients who experience stroke. 



Stroke causes lifelong disabilities where few therapeutic options are available. Using electrical and magnetic stimulation of the brain and physical rehabilitation, recovery of brain function can be enhanced even late after stroke. 

[[Stroke center]] volumes significantly influence efficiency and outcomes in [[mechanical thrombectomy]]
((Nogueira RG, Haussen DC, Castonguay A, Rebello LC, Abraham M, Puri A,
Alshekhlee A, Majjhoo A, Farid H, Finch I, English J, Mokin M, Froehler MT,
Kabbani M, Taqi MA, Vora N, Khoury RE, Edgell RC, Novakovic R, Nguyen T,
Janardhan V, Veznedaroglu E, Prabhakaran S, Budzik R, Frankel MR, Nordhaus BL,
Zaidat OO. Site Experience and Outcomes in the Trevo Acute Ischemic Stroke
(TRACK) Multicenter Registry. Stroke. 2019 Jul 18:STROKEAHA118024639. doi:
10.1161/STROKEAHA.118.024639. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 31318624.
)).
----
Higher [[BP]] within the first 24 hours after successful [[mechanical thrombectomy]] was associated with a higher likelihood of [[spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage]], [[mortality]], and requiring [[hemicraniectomy]]
((Anadani M, Orabi MY, Alawieh A, Goyal N, Alexandrov AV, Petersen N, Kodali S, 
Maier IL, Psychogios MN, Swisher CB, Inamullah O, Kansagra AP, Giles JA, Wolfe
SQ, Singh J, Gory B, De Marini P, Kan P, Nascimento FA, Freire LI, Pandhi A,
Mitchell H, Kim JT, Fargen KM, Al Kasab S, Liman J, Rahman S, Allen M, Richard S,
Spiotta AM. Blood Pressure and Outcome After Mechanical Thrombectomy With
Successful Revascularization. Stroke. 2019 Jul 18:STROKEAHA118024687. doi:
10.1161/STROKEAHA.118.024687. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 31318633.
)).
----

Among young adults aged 18 to 49 years in the [[Netherlands]] who were 30-day survivors of first stroke, mortality risk compared with the general population remained elevated up to 15 years later
((Ekker MS, Verhoeven JI, Vaartjes I, Jolink WMT, Klijn CJM, de Leeuw FE.
Association of Stroke Among Adults Aged 18 to 49 Years With Long-term Mortality. 
JAMA. 2019 May 23. doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.6560. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed
PMID: 31121602.
)).

===== Stroke biomarker =====


see [[Stroke biomarker]].