====== 🧬 SSTR1 (Somatostatin Receptor 1) ======

{{tag>neuropeptide receptor sstr1 somatostatin glioblastoma}}

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SSTR1 is one of five G-protein-coupled somatostatin receptors involved in neurotransmission, hormone regulation, and tumor biology.
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=== 🔹 1. Gene and Expression ===
  * **Gene**: ''SSTR1''
  * **Location**: Chromosome 14q13
  * **Expression**:
    * Brain (especially cortex, hippocampus)
    * Pancreas, GI tract, pituitary
    * Downregulated in **glioblastoma**

=== 🔹 2. Function ===
  * Gi/o-coupled receptor → ↓cAMP
  * Inhibits hormone secretion (e.g., GH, insulin)
  * CNS: modulates synaptic activity, neuroprotection
  * Antiproliferative and antiangiogenic effects
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=== 🔹 3. Clinical Relevance ===
  * ↓ **SSTR1 in glioblastoma** = **poor prognosis**
  * Correlates with:
    * IDH1-wildtype
    * EGFR amplification
    * G-CIMP-negative subtype
  * May serve as a **prognostic biomarker**

=== 💊 4. Therapeutic Implications ===
  * **Agonists**: octreotide, pasireotide
    * ↓ proliferation in GBM cell lines
  * **Potential strategies**:
    * Targeted therapy with SSTR1 agonists
    * Combined molecular profiling + treatment



=== 🔬 5. Ligands and Pathways ===
^ Type       ^ Example       ^ Function                       ^
| Agonist    | Octreotide    | ↓ tumor cell growth            |
| Agonist    | Pasireotide   | Broader affinity (SSTR1/2/5)   |
| Antagonist | (under study) | Not clinically available       |

**Signaling Pathways Affected**:
  * ↓ Adenylyl cyclase → ↓ cAMP
  * CDKN1A-B upregulation
  * Modulation of JAK/STAT, NF-κB, TGF-β pathways
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[[https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-025-05687-9|📄 G-García et al. (2025) – Full article]]