====== Spondylodiscitis surgery ======

Required in only ≈ 25% of cases. 

===== Indications for surgery =====

[[Spondylodiscitis surgery indications]].



===== Approaches =====

● anterior approaches: generally used in the cervical or thoracic regions. Removes some or most of
the offending infected tissue

○ cervical spine: anterior discectomy and fusion for limited involvement; corpectomy with strut
graft and plating with posterior instrumentation (360° fusion) for more extensive involvement

○ thoracic spine: a posterolateral approach (e.g. transpedicular or [[costotransversectomy]]
approach) or lateral approach (e.g. trans-thoracic or retro-coelomic) may be used

● posterior laminectomy

○ may be used in the lumbar region (below the conus medullaris)

○ ✖ laminectomy alone is not appropriate in the thoracic or cervical spine when it is anterior
compression of the spinal cord.

==== Endoscopic treatment ====

[[Spondylodiscitis Endoscopic Treatment]].