====== Spinal cord stimulation indications ======

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see [[Spinal cord stimulation for walking restoration]].

SCS is a minimally invasive and reversible intervention for [[chronic pain]]. On the basis of the current literature, SCS may be an alternative treatment strategy in refractory angina pectoris and peripheral vascular disease patients, presenting a low surgical risk profile. However, further clinical trials with larger sample sizes and extended follow-up are required to confirm this finding
((Kinfe TM, Pintea B, Vatter H. Is Spinal Cord Stimulation Useful and Safe for
the Treatment of Chronic Pain of Ischemic Origin? A Review. Clin J Pain. 2016
Jan;32(1):7-13. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0000000000000229. PubMed PMID: 25760739.
)).

Addressing psychological issues before SCS implantation can reduce the failure rate of SCS
((Paroli M, Bernini O, Carolis G, Tollapi L, Bondi F, Martini A, Dario A,
Paolicchi A. Are Multidimensional Pain Inventory Coping Strategy Profiles
Associated with Long-Term Spinal Cord Stimulation Effectiveness? Pain Med. 2017
May 26. doi: 10.1093/pm/pnx106. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 28549170.
)).
===== Chronic pain =====
see [[Spinal cord stimulation for chronic pain]].

===== Refractory Angina Pectoris =====

[[Spinal Cord Stimulation for Refractory Angina Pectoris]]


====Effectiveness====
Results suggest that younger age is associated with greater long-term effectiveness of spinal cord stimulation and therefore age may influence the success of SCS therapy with older patients having a greater tendency to failure. Earlier intervention may be beneficial in these chronic pain patients
((Strauss I, Taha K, Krishna V, Hodaie M. Younger age predicts greater
effectiveness of spinal cord stimulation for chronic pain. Acta Neurochir (Wien).
2016 Mar 11. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 26969075.)).