=====Single use instrument===== Single-use [[instrument]]s could reduce the incidence of [[surgical site infection]]s following [[lumbar fusion]] to acceptable levels as in hip and knee arthroplasties. The preservation of screws and rods in sterile packs until ready for insertion reduces their exposure to air-borne bacteria in the OR and eliminates their contamination through repetitive hospital sterilization. The short operation time and minimal blood loss achieved could also contribute to the reduction in infection risks ((Litrico S, Recanati G, Gennari A, Maillot C, Saffarini M, Le Huec JC. Single-use instrumentation in posterior lumbar fusion could decrease incidence of surgical site infection: a prospective bi-centric study. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2015 Sep 1. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 26325248.)).